核威慑的道德价值取向探析  

On the Moral Value Orientation of Nuclear Deterrence

作　　者：刘利乐 LIU Lile(School of Marxism,Central South University)

机构地区：[1]中南大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《当代中国价值观研究》2023年第5期80-89,共10页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Values

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“核威慑的伦理约束研究”(21CZX054)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：不同于核讹诈,核威慑是国家主体用核武器来保卫自我或他者以防御敌人进攻。核威慑的道德价值取向是协调“暂时拥核”与“立即废核”两种不同价值主张的价值基石,它是在价值分歧之间构筑价值共识的道德基础。核威慑主体应该不伤害平民并尊重生命尊严,强化人类道义的宰制与整体责任的承担,重视核战争风险的防范与人面向未来的完整性,关注利益主体的诉求与国际正义的维护,增强公共理性与共同体意识的培育。核威慑的道德价值取向之内核在于以人类整体价值为根基,超越狭隘的国家中心主义。在人类无法彻底废除核武器的历史阶段,核威慑的道德价值取向具有一种工具性价值,其目的在于增强人类对核威慑的价值理性,为世界无核化创造精神条件。Unlike nuclear blackmail,nuclear deterrence is the use of nuclear weapons by states to defend themseleves or others against enemy attacks.The moral value orientation of nuclear deterrence is the value foundation for coordinating the two different value propositions of“temporary possession of nuclear weapons”and“immediate dismantlement of nuclear weapons”,and it is the moral foundation for consolidating value consensus among the value differences.The subject of nuclear deterrence should not harm civilians and respect the dignity of life,strengthen the domination of human morality and the assumption of overall responsibility,focus on the prevention of nuclear war risks and the integrity of human beings facing the future,pay attention to the demands of interest subjects and the maintenance of international justice,enhance the cultivation of public rationality and the strengthening of community consciousness.The value core of the moral value orientation of nuclear deterrence lies in its foundation on the overall value of humanity,transcending narrow state-centrism and putting the interests of humanity above those of any individual nuclear weapon state.In the period of history when nuclear weapons cannot be completely abolished,the moral value orientation of nuclear deterrence has instrumental value,which aims to enhance the value rationality of human beings for nuclear weapons and create spiritual conditions for the denuclearization of the world.

关 键 词：核威慑 道德价值取向 国家中心主义 人类整体价值 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]