《莫须有先生坐飞机以后》与废名20世纪40年代的精神立场  

After Mr.Mo Xuyou's Plane Ride and Fei Ming's Spiritual Stance in the 1940s

作　　者：熊龙英[1] XIONG Longying(College of Marxism,Hunan Institute of Engineering,Xiangtan,Hunan 411104)

机构地区：[1]湖南工程学院马克思主义学院,湖南湘潭411104

出　　处：《中国文学研究》2023年第4期152-158,共7页Research of Chinese Literature

基　　金：湖南省教育规划课题“20世纪上半期作家型教授群体的人文启示研究”(XJK20CLL001);湖南省社科成果评审委员会课题“民国时期作家型教授的群体特征及社会贡献研究”(XSP21YBZ144)。

摘　　要：《莫须有先生坐飞机以后》以废名战时在家乡黄梅近十年的避乱生活为底本,莫须有先生在现实中所遭遇到的衣食住行等具体问题都以废名的切身经历为据。观其所历,20世纪40年代之前废名的生活经历主要为北大求学—教书—交友—西山隐居,思想上偏重向“精神”层面求解。而黄梅避难意味着作为知识分子的废名真正走向“世俗”生活层面,如何看待生活方式的改变给“自我”所带来的思想上的变化,如何解决一个知识分子掉进世俗的“魔障”中所面临的精神困惑,这是废名在20世纪40年代所遇到的“精神危机”。以《莫须有先生坐飞机以后》这一回溯性文本为寄托,废名用文学的感知方式触摸自己在20世纪40年代置身于乡间或民间所遭遇的精神困境,在儒释道的“杂烩”中完成“自我”的精神修行,在格物致知的“理智”认识论中确立“为民”布道的知识分子精神立场。Afer Mr.Mo Xuyou's Plane Ride was based on Fei Ming's wartime life in his hometown of Huangmei,where he spent nearly a decade in hiding from the chaos.The specific problems of clothing,food,housing,and transportation that Mr.Mo Xuyou encountered in reality were based on Fei Ming's personal experiences.Looking back at his experience,before the 1940s,Fei Ming's life experience was mainly about studying at Peking University,teaching,making friends,and then living in seclusion in the western mountains,inclined to seek solutions on the“spiritual” level.And the experience of taking refuge in Huangmei meant that Fei Ming,as the intellectual,was truly moving towards a“secular” life.How to view the ideological changes brought by the change of lifestyle to“self” and how to solve the spiritual bewilderment faced by an intellectual who fell into the“demon barrier” of the secular world were the“spiritual crisis” Fei Ming encountered in the 1940s.Based on the retrospective article Afier Mr.Mo Xuyou's Plane Ride,Fei Ming used literary perception to touch his spiritual plight among the folk in the countryside in the 1940s.In the“miscellaneousness” of Confucianism,Buddhism,and Taoism,he completed the spiritual cultivation of“self” and established the intellectual spiritual position of“preaching for the people”in the“rational” epistemologyofmaterialismand knowledge.

关 键 词：《莫须有先生坐飞机以后》 20世纪40年代 精神立场 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]