延长马铃薯种质资源低温保存条件的探究  

Study on Conditions for Extending the Low temperature Preservation of Potato Germplasm Resources

作　　者：陈汝豪 周艳华[1] 赵喜娟 焦文标 宋波涛[1] 柴婷婷 CHEN Ruhao;ZHOU Yanhua;ZHAO Xijuan;JIAO Wenbiao;SONG Botao;CHAI Tingting(National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops/Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Hubei Province,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室/农业农村部马铃薯生物学与生物技术重点实验室/华中农业大学,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖北省农业技术推广总站,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2023年第5期419-427,共9页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：湖北省支持种业高质量发展资金项目(鄂财农发函[2022]58号)。

摘　　要：试管苗离体保存是马铃薯目前应用最广泛的种质资源保存方法,探究延长试管苗继代周期的保存条件可以有效减少风险并降低保存成本。从实验室种质资源库中挑选了6个不同基因型的马铃薯材料,以植株状态、株高和存活率作为指标,探究不同预生根处理、保存温度、培养基蔗糖浓度和继代方式对马铃薯试管苗保存的影响,以探索广泛适用于马铃薯试管苗长期低温保存的条件。不进行预生根处理的试管苗在低温保存的第60d几乎不生长,随后死亡,说明预生根处理是试管苗低温保存的必要条件。4℃条件下试管苗的生长比7℃更缓慢,在第90d时的株高明显更小,4个材料的试管苗存活率仅为53.75%,而7℃条件下存活率为100%,说明7℃更适于不同基因型马铃薯种质资源的低温保存。8%蔗糖浓度培养基中的试管苗在第90d时的株高明显低于4%蔗糖浓度,存活率统计显示4%蔗糖浓度培养基中的试管苗在7℃保存第270d时全部死亡,8%蔗糖浓度培养基中的试管苗存活率达到61.25%,表明8%蔗糖浓度能明显延长马铃薯试管苗的低温保存时间。由此可见,可以采用8%蔗糖浓度培养基和7℃环境温度用于大部分马铃薯株系的长期低温保存。此外,探究了一种试管苗-组培盒苗交替继代培养的方法,能有效改善长势弱的种质资源的保存,将这些材料在低温保存第90 d的存活率从直接继代试管苗22.50%提高到试管苗-组培盒苗交替继代95.00%。此研究对优化马铃薯种质资源的长期保存条件具有重要的指导作用。bstract:In the current potato germplasm resource preservation landscape,in vitro methods have gained widespread acceptance.Exploring the preservation conditions for extending the subculture cycle of test-tube seedlings can effectively reduce the risk and preservation cost.In this study,six different genotypes of potato materials were selected from the germplasm resources,and the effects of pre-rooting,temperature,sucrose concentration and subculture method on the preservation of potato test-tube seedlings were investigated using plant status,plant height and survival rate as indicators to explore the widely applicable conditions for long-term low temperature preservation of potato test-tube seedlings.Test-tube seedlings without pre-rooting treatment showed minimal growth on the 60th day of low temperature preservation and eventually died,suggesting that pre-rooting treatment is essential for the successful low temperature preservation of test-tube seedlings.The growth rate of test-tube seedlings at 4℃was slower compared to those at 7℃,and the plant height was obviously smaller on the 90th day.However,the survival rate of test-tube seedlings from four different materials at 7℃was 100%,while it was only 53.75%at 4℃,indicating that a temperature of 7℃is more suitable for preserving potato germplasm resources with various genotypes.Furthermore,the plant height of test-tube seedlings in a medium with 8%sucrose on the 90th day was obviously lower than those with 4%sucrose.Survival statistics revealed that all test-tube seedlings in the medium with 4%sucrose died after being stored at a temperature of 7℃for 270 days,whereas there was still a survival rate of approximately 61.25%for those in an 8%sucrose concentration medium.These findings suggest that an 8%sucrose concentration could prolong the low temperature preservation time for potato test-tube seedlings.In short,using a sucrose concentration of 8%in combination with an ambient temperature of 7℃could be effective for long-term low temperature preserva

关 键 词：马铃薯 种质资源 试管苗 低温保存 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]