更生之变:《大学》文本走进教育生活的理论逻辑与实践路径  

Constructing Ideology with Self-Consciousness:Theoretical Logic and Practice Path of Integrating The Great Learning into Education Life

作　　者：孙杰[1] Sun Jie(School of Education Science of Shanxi University)

机构地区：[1]山西大学教育科学学院

出　　处：《教育史研究》2023年第4期24-36,共13页Educational History Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2020年度教育学一般课题“中国古代教育经典文本研究的双重路径”(BOA200047)。

摘　　要：韩愈《原道》一文以仁义道德与《大学》之修齐治平为中心,构想儒家道统的学术尝试,实开宋明儒者以《大学》文本为切入点来建构新儒学体系的理论先河。宋明儒者借助对《大学》文本的结构调整与理学式诠释,形成了以心性儒学与政治儒学来诠释《大学》文本的学术进路。以《大学章句》为经典基础的“即物穷理”学说,与以《大学》古本为经典依据的“致良知”学说,就是朱熹与王阳明以心性儒学进路来诠释《大学》文本的生动体现。《大学衍义》与《大学衍义补》则是以政治儒学进路来诠释《大学》文本的代表之作。通过诠释《大学》文本,宋明儒者建构了四书学及理学思想体系,并将其以显性与隐性相结合的方式融入士人乃至帝王的日常学习与教育生活之中,进而内化为他们为学修身的自觉规范。这就是以《大学》为己工夫来建构明体达用之学的更生之变。Han Yu’s Yuan Dao is an academic attempt to construct the Confucian daoism centering on benevolence,justice and morality and the ethics from The Great Learning(or Daxue),which is the theoretical precedent for Confucians in Song and Ming dynasties to construct neo-Confucianism system with the text of Daxue as the starting point.With structural adjustment and interpretation of Daxue,they formed an academic approach to interpreting the text of Daxue with ideological and political Confucianism.Zhu Xi’s and Wang Yangming’s interpretation of the text of Daxue with ideological Confucianism is vividly reflected in the theory of“from things to truth”based on the Daxue chapters and the theory of“bringing conscience to life”based on Daxue.Confucianists in Song and Ming dynasties constructed the theory and ideological system of the Four Books by interpreting Daxue and integrated it into the daily learning and education life of scholars and even emperors in both explicit and implicit ways and internalized it into their self-conscious norms for learning and self-cultivation.

关 键 词：《大学》 大人之学 帝王之学 修身为本 更生之变 

分 类 号：G519[文化科学—教育学]