大数据时代学科制度的小数据治理  

Greatness in Trivialness:Institutional Logic of Discipline Governance in the Big Data Era

作　　者：倪静[1] 陈亮 NI Jing;CHEN Liang

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学俄语学院区域研究中心,重庆400031 [2]陕西师范大学教育学部,西安710062

出　　处：《高教发展与评估》2023年第6期1-10,41,I0002,共12页Higher Education Development and Evaluation

摘　　要：大数据与集中式数据处理日益成为学科治理追求卓越的“上层逻辑”,加剧了学科的失衡。学科治理的诸多实效大多源自小数据集合,学科知识交叉关联更加精准,研究方法横纵结合更加理性,人的培养自下而上更加合理。但面对大数据社会的系统性问题和加速变化特征,学科治理的小数据路向面临一些问题:研究成果呈现点数据形态,集群创新匮乏;学者数据能力两极分化,中坚力量薄弱;学科育人面对复杂数据,治理效能不彰等。大数据时代学科制度的小数据治理路径为:围绕制度设计的“小共识”合作转向、聚焦制度运行中“创造者”的身份转变、叠加制度载体对“生活域”的信息关联,以“小”数据为基点,建构“大”数据治理结构,实现两种学科治理方式和治理思维的共生共促。Big data and centralized data processing have increasingly become the“upper-level logic”of discipline governance in pursuit of excellence,which to a certain extent aggravates the imbalance of disciplines.In reality,many actual effects of discipline governance are mainly attributed to the aggregation of small data,which possess values including a more precise cross-correlation of discipline knowledge,a more rational combi⁃nation of horizontal and vertical research methods,and more reasonable bottom-up cultivation of individuals.However,in the face of systematic problems and accelerating changes in the big data society,the small data path of discipline governance is confronted with the problem that research results have presented the form of point data with a lack of cluster innovation.Furthermore,scholars’data capability has been polarized;there⁃fore,there is a weakness in the backbone strength.In addition,discipline education encounters the predica⁃ments of complex data and low governance efficiency.It is required to focus on the“small consensus”coopera⁃tion shift of institutional design and the identity shift of“creators”in the operation of the system to superimpose the information correlation of the institutional carrier to the“life domain”.Hence,it is necessary to build a“big”data governance structure based on“small”data so as to achieve the symbiosis and co-promotion of the two disciplinary governance methods and governance thoughts.

关 键 词：高校数字治理 学科治理 学科制度 小数据 教育数据 数据决策 数据红利 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]