“符合”是“真”的所谓  

“Correspondence”Is the Meaning of“Truth”

作　　者：刘新文[1,2] Liu Xinwen

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学哲学院 [2]中国社会科学院哲学研究所

出　　处：《哲学动态》2023年第11期117-124,128,共9页Philosophical Trends

摘　　要：“真”与世界所是的方式有关。自亚里士多德以来,最普遍的观点是,“真”就是命题与世界的符合。但是问题在于,真命题如何能够系统地与世界相联系,即“符合是什么”。在1983年出版的《知识论》中,金岳霖系统地分析了真之符合论中的“符合”,认为“符合是‘真’底所谓”。而“符合感”被分析为“融洽”“有效”和“一致”等三个成分,三者之间相互影响。金岳霖把“真”定义为“符合”,认为“真”是命题与客观的实在的关系所赋予命题的关系质,不是命题本身的性质。真命题之间相互关联,各方面的结构组织起来之后形成总的结构,这个总结构就是知识的极限,金岳霖称之为“真理”。真理是客观的,真理没有变的问题;从知识论的立场来说,真理的这两个性质是求知者求知的最基本的原动力。总结构总是得不到,但不一定是不可思议的,哲学家对于真理有所思议而得到的意念图案就是他的哲学。金岳霖关于“符合”的分析回应了符合论的核心问题,即“符合是什么”,为当前文献中这个所谓的“刘易斯—海德格尔问题”提供了透彻、系统的回答。Truth is a value and a driving force of human beings.Some people take truth as the supreme goal,because it is not constructed in vain,Since it has to do with the way the world is.Since Aristotle,the most common view has been that truth is the correspondence of propositions with the world,but this interpretation relocates the question of how true propositions can be systematically related to the world,i.e.,“what is correspondence?”In the Theory of Knowledge published in 1983,Jin Yuelin systematically analyzed the“correspondence”in the correspondence theory of truth,and he maintained that“correspondence is the meaning of‘truth’”,for which coherence,effectiveness,and consistency stand as the criteria for experiencing correspondence,being that they are all the criteria of truth.In his conception,the most important component of correspondence theory is“correspondence intuition”,which is interpreted as the sense of correspondence.In horizontal time,the sense of correspondence is the correspondence itself,but in vertical time,the sense of correspondence and the correspondence itself need not be rolled into one,that is,the rightness of judgment and the truth of proposition need not be merged into each other.The sense of correspondence is analyzed according to its three components,namely“coherence”,“effectiveness”and“consistency”,which influence each other.Truth is a relational property of a proposition given by the relation of proposition to objective reality,because it is not a property of the proposition itself.If truth is the property of the proposition itself,then it comes with proposition,which can be obtained without looking beyond it.So long as the experience of knowledge continues,such true propositions accumulate in quantity.In addition,true propositions are related to each other,and the structure of their various aspects is organized to form the total structure.This total structure,namely the limit of knowledge,is named by Jin Yuelin as the Truths.These Truths are objective,and t

关 键 词：符合论 刘易斯—海德格尔问题 符合感 一一相应 真理 

分 类 号：B261[哲学宗教—中国哲学]