礼以遂其美——《论语》“绘事后素”章旨研味  

Beauty Is Achieved Through Rituals——Exploring the Intention of the Chapter"Hui Shi Hou Su"in the Analects

作　　者：周瑾[1] Zhou Jin(Institute of Chinese Culture,Chinese National Academy of Arts,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]中国艺术研究院中国文化研究所,北京100102

出　　处：《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第6期46-55,共10页Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：《论语·八佾》“绘事后素”章的诠释传统,以郑玄、朱熹为代表,大致形成了素在后与素在先两条路向,或曰天然禀赋待礼以修治,或谓道德品质乃礼之根本。分歧的核心是如何看待礼的性能和意义。参详该章的师生问答,“素以为绚兮”是话题之由,若对其中的“为”字足够重视,当可从动态塑造的向度给解读带来启发。由子夏“何谓也”之款叩到孔子“可与言《诗》”之欣叹,以美事之遂成作为潜台词,连贯的义脉乃得显发:献疑于容色,解喻以绘功,触悟在礼意;进而回思开端,由礼观诗。塑造和转化之功,贯穿于问答的始终。人的自我完善亦须礼以成全,谦约成身而成之于行,切己成就深具教养的纯正之美。The hermeneutic tradition of the chapter containing"Hui Shi Hou Su"(The business of laying on the colors is before/after the preparation of the plain ground,绘事后素)in the Analects(《论语》),represented by Zheng Xuan(郑玄)and Zhu Xi(朱熹),,roughly formed two directions,namely"Plain ground is prepared after the coloring"(素在后)and"Plain ground is prepared before the coloring"(素在先).In other words,natural endowment is treated with rituals so as to handle affairs properly,or morality forms the basis or rituals.The core of this disagreement lies in how to view the performance and significance of rituals.If we refer to the questions and answers between Confucius and his disciple in this chapter,we can find the statement that"the plain ground for the colors""(素以为绚兮)is the cause of the difference.If we pay enough attention to the word"for"(为)in this statement,we can receive inspiration for its interpretation from the perspective of dynamic shaping.From Zi Xia's(子夏)question"What is the meaning of the plain ground for the colors"(素以为绚兮,何谓也)to Confucius'exclamation that"Now I can begin to talk about the odes with him"(可与言《诗》),the implicit meaning is to make things perfect.Zi Xia raised questions about beauty,and Confucius used craft skills to answer him.The disciple understood the meaning of rituals and further examined the true meaning of poetry from the perspective of rituals.Shaping and transformation are the main thread that runs through the whole questions and answers.The self-improvement of human beings requires rituals to achieve perfection and to demonstrate cultivated pure beauty.

关 键 词：《论语》 绘事后素 仁-礼 塑造与转化 成全 

分 类 号：B222.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]