日本农业职业教育“促进新农民”策略探析  

Research of the"Promote New Farmers"Strategy of Agricultural Vocational Education in Japan

作　　者：徐梅焕 石伟平 XU Meihuan;SHI Weiping(Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育学部,上海200062

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2023年第12期100-107,共8页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：国家社科基金“十四五”规划2021年度教育学一般课题“‘后扶贫时代’新型职业农民职业教育模式及政策支持体系研究”(项目编号:BJA210096)。

摘　　要：“促进新农民”策略是日本为保障国家农业人力资源的可持续发展、应对农业劳动力大量流失、满足农业“六次产业”转型发展需求,以及改善“离农”社会观念对农业发展带来的负面影响,在农业职业教育领域中推行的一系列改革措施。“促进新农民”策略具体包括:制定农业职业教育提升项目,扩大农业职业教育机会,强化培养农民的经营能力,以及重构国民的农业情感四项主要内容。该策略实施后,日本形成政府主导型的农业职业教育发展模式,嵌入农业产业布局下的专业布局,形成以实践教育为主的人才培养模式,构建全民终身的农业职业教育体系,并且提升日本农业职业教育对国家的政治、经济、社会、文化的适应性。The"Promote New Farmers"strategy is a series of reform measures of agricultural vocational education being implemented in Japan to ensure the sustainable development of the national agricultural human resources,to counteract the massive loss of the agricultural labor force,to meet the needs of the transformation in the"sixth industrialization",and to ameliorate the negative impact of the social concept of"leaving agriculture"on agricultural development.The"Promote New Farmers"strategy consists of four main measures,namely,the formulation of agricultural vocational education upgrading programs,the expansion of agricultural vocational education opportunities,the strengthening of the training of farmers'business skills,and the restructuring of the national sentiment towards agriculture.After the implementation of the strategy,Japan has developed the government-led model of agricultural vocational education,the major layout embedded in the layout of the agricultural industry,the education pattern based on practical training,and the lifelong agricultural vocational education system for all,which has strengthened the adaptability of Japan's agricultural vocational education to the country's politics,economy,society and culture.

关 键 词：日本 农业职业教育 农业人力资源 可持续发展 

分 类 号：G719.313[文化科学—职业技术教育学]