高校科技成果转化要素的结构性差异与配置困境--基于技术-组织-环境理论与扎根理论的联合探索  

Structural Differences and Configuration Dilemmas of Elements in the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Universities:A Joint Exploration Based on Technology-Organization-Environment Theory and Grounded Theory

作　　者：毛劲歌[1] 吴贵龙 Mao Jinge;Wu Guilong(School of Public Administration,Hunan University,Changsha 410012,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学公共管理学院,湖南长沙410012

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2023年第20期89-99,共11页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“数字技术赋能公共服务高质量发展研究”(21&ZD125)。

摘　　要：对多方主体共同参与的科技成果转化复杂系统中,不同要素组合模式或权重导致成果转化面临不同困境及决策走向的探索历久弥新,因此尝试突破单一理论框架,深入阐释要素组合模式或权重差异等结构性问题,以及有效解释不同领域的成果转化要素结构模式。联合技术-组织-环境理论和扎根理论,以湖南省6所高校16个不同领域的科技成果转化团队为案例对象,通过实地调研、半结构化访谈、电话访谈、历史文献考证等多种方式获取相关数据并进行分类对比,构建包含技术、组织、环境3类主范畴8类次范畴的高校科技成果转化要素分析框架。结果发现:基于对不同要素的关注度不同,高校科技成果转化要素配置结构主要可分为环境制约型、技术-组织依赖型、环境-组织依赖型、均衡配置型4类;此外,当前存在顶层设计缺失、专业服务体系不健全、人才流失、技术与市场供需不匹配等要素配置困境,这些困境主要来源于政府、市场、高校、专业服务机构、科研团队五大主体。为此,需要促进五大主体协同发力,通过强化顶层设计的宏观指引、构建适宜的政策环境与组织环境等举措,共同推动科技成果转化要素全方位科学、优化配置。In the complex system of scientific and technological achievements transformation involving multiple parties,the exploration of different element combination patterns or weights leading to different difficulties and decisionmaking directions in achievements transformation has been constantly evolving.Therefore,this paper attempts to break through a single theoretical framework,deeply explain structural issues such as element combination patterns or weight differences,and effectively explain the structural patterns of achievement transformation elements in different fields.Based on the combination of technology-organization-environment theory and grounded theory,it focuses on the transformation teams of scientific and technological achievements in 16 different fields from 6 universities in Hunan Province,relevant data is obtained through various methods such as field research,semi-structured interviews,telephone interviews,and historical literature research,and compared by category,then constructs an analysis framework for the transformation elements of university scientific and technological achievements,which includes three main categories and eight sub-categories of technology,organization,and environment.The results show that based on different levels of attention to different elements,the allocation structure of elements for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities can be mainly divided into four categories:environment constrained type,technology-organization dependent type,environment-organization dependent type,and balanced configuration type.In addition,there are currently difficulties in allocating factors such as a lack of top-level design,an inadequate professional service system,talent loss,and a mismatch between technology and market supply and demand,these difficulties mainly stem from the five main entities:government,market,universities,professional service institutions,and research teams.Therefore,it is necessary to promote the coordinated efforts of the five

关 键 词：科技成果转化 要素配置 结构性差异 技术-组织-环境理论 扎根理论 高校 

分 类 号：G311[文化科学] G644G301