番茄果实次生代谢物对各生育期弱光处理敏感性分析  

Sensitivity analysis of secondary metabolites in tomato fruits to low light treatment at the different growth stages

作　　者：刘艺涵 谭蓉 郭文忠 郑文刚[1] 张馨[1] 徐凡[1] 陈晓丽 LIU Yihan;TAN Rong;GUO Wenzhong;ZHENG Wengang;ZHANG Xin;XU Fan;CHEN Xiaoli(Intelligent Equipment Technology Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Ningxia Xiangruisheng Ecological Environment Co.,Ltd,Ningxia 750001,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心,北京100097 [2]天津农学院园艺园林学院,天津300384 [3]宁夏祥瑞升生态环境有限公司,宁夏750001

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2023年第19期211-220,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：北京市农林科学院青年科研基金项目(QNJJ202119);北京市农林科学院青年科研基金项目(QNJJ202307);宁夏重点研发计划项目(2022BBF02023)。

摘　　要：温室弱光制约着番茄生产,选择对弱光敏感性较强的生育期进行阶段性补光是经济可行的干预方式之一。为了探究番茄不同生育期的弱光敏感性,该研究在全人工光型植物工厂中种植番茄“丰收74-560RZ F1”,以全生育期1000μmol/(m^(2)·s)的光照强度为对照,分别于番茄花期、膨大期、转色期和采收期中的某一时期进行弱光处理(弱光处理的光照强度为160μmol/(m^(2)·s),同处理其他生育期光照强度均保持1000μmol/(m^(2)·s)),通过对番茄风味及品质相关次生代谢物积累的分析阐明番茄品质形成对不同生育期弱光的敏感性。结果表明:1)各生育期弱光处理均降低了番茄果实总黄酮、多酚和番茄红素的含量,其中,花期弱光处理下番茄总黄酮及多酚含量均为处理间最低,分别较对照显著降低了35%、29%(P<0.05);花期和转色期弱光处理下番茄红素含量均低于其他处理,分别较对照显著降低了45%和60%(P<0.05);所有处理下番茄果实中番茄红素与总黄酮、多酚含量均呈显著正相关。2)各生育期弱光处理均显著降低了番茄果实中醛类、酮类、酯类、烃类及醇类等挥发性次生代谢物的总数量和总含量(P<0.05),所有处理均为醛类含量最高,醇类含量最低。膨大期弱光处理检测出的挥发性物质总数量最少(为40种,较对照减少9%),花期弱光处理下番茄挥发性物质总含量最低(较对照降低了28%);其中,花期处理下醛类、酯类及其他类挥发性物质含量均为处理间最低,分别较对照显著降低了31.7%、64.1%、56.8%;花期和膨大期弱光处理下番茄果实中醇类物质含量均低于其他处理,分别较对照显著降低了25.3%和28.2%(P<0.05);此外,酯类物质在所有处理之间差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05),说明该类挥发性物质的弱光敏感性较强。研究表明花期弱光胁迫对番茄果实品质和风味相关次生代谢物积累的不良影响最大,较其他生育期�Solar greenhouses have been the main type of facility for tomato production in China.Low light in the facility is one of the most important restricting factors on tomato production,even leading to the decline of fruit quality and flavor.Phase supplementation can be expected to select the growth stage with strong sensitivity to low light.The low light intervention can be one of the economically feasible ways,in order to reduce the high cost of artificial light supplementation during the whole growth stage of tomato.This study aims to investigate the low light sensitivity of tomatoes at different growth stages.Tomato"Harvest 74-560RZ F1"was selected in a fully artificial light-based plant factory,where 1000μmol/(m^(2)·s)light was the control during the whole growth stage.Four treatments of low light were carried out at a certain period of time during the flowering,expanding,color turning,and harvesting stages.The low light intensity was 160μmol/(m^(2)·s).The light intensity of other growth periods remained at 1000μmol/(m^(2)·s)in the same treatment.The sensitivity of tomato quality formation to low light at different growth stages was clarified to analyze the accumulation of secondary metabolites that related to the tomato flavor and quality.Experimental conditions were all the same except for the light.The results showed as follows:1)All lowlight treatments decreased the contents of polyphenols,total flavonoids and lycopene.Among them,the total flavonoids and polyphenols contents of tomato were the lowest under low light treatment at the flowering stage among the treatments,which were significantly reduced by 35%and 29%,respectively,compared with the control(P<0.05).The lycopene content was lower under low light treatments at flowering and color-turning stages,which was significantly reduced by 45%and 60%,respectively,compared with the control(P<0.05).Lycopene was significantly and positively correlated with the total flavonoids and polyphenols content in tomato fruits under all treatments.2)All low-light tr

关 键 词：温室 光照 番茄 番茄红素 弱光 挥发性物质 次生代谢物 

分 类 号：S626[农业科学—园艺学]