基于时变区间断面需求的高铁网络列车开行方案优化  

Optimization of line planning for high-speed rail network based on time-varying section demand

作　　者：钟林环 徐光明[1] 武润发 魏堂建[1,2] 史峰[1] ZHONG Linhuan;XU Guangming;WU Runfa;WEI Tangjian;SHI Feng(School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;School of Transportation Engineering East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]华东交通大学交通运输工程学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2023年第12期4461-4472,共12页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72171236);国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1600400);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2022JJ30767);京沪高速铁路股份有限公司“揭榜挂帅”项目(京沪科研-2022-1)。

摘　　要：列车开行方案与客流需求匹配与否在很大程度上决定高铁运输服务质量和市场竞争力。为使高铁列车的开行方案与旅客的时变需求相吻合,在基于连续运输能力的高铁客流均衡分配获得区段时变断面需求的基础上,引入列车发车时间,提出基于区段列车生成和列车拼接组合的开行方案设计思路,解决大规模高铁网络列车开行方案的优化问题。首先,根据列车始发终到站需要配备动车段或存车线的特征,以配备相关设施的车站为界,将高铁网络分解为若干个互不重合的区段,并以区段为单位,提出吻合时变区间断面需求的区段开行方案生成方法和列车拼接组合策略。其次,针对网络化列车开行方案中需要满足的始发站发车能力约束、终到站终到能力约束、区间通过能力约束和列车总数约束,以高铁运营收入、高铁运营成本与旅客需求偏差的惩罚费用加权和为优化目标,构建基于时变区间断面需求的高速铁路列车开行方案优化模型,并通过4种列车调整策略和5种综合方案调整策略构造邻域解,设计模拟退火求解算法。最后,以京广高速铁路、沪汉蓉高速铁路以及郑西高速铁路为例验证模型和算法的有效性。结果表明,优化产生的列车开行方案与时变客流吻合程度高,同时也具有较高的运算效率和收敛性,适用于大规模高铁网络开行方案的设计和优化。The quality of high-speed rail(HSR)transportation services and market competitiveness are determined by matching the line planning with the passenger flow demand.In order to make the line planning match with the time-varying demand of passengers,based on the balanced distribution of HSR passenger flow,using continuous transportation capacity to obtain the time-varying section demand,train departure time was introduced,and the design idea of line planning based on section train generation and train splicing combination was proposed to solve the optimization problem of line planning of large-scale HSR network.First,because train departure and arrival stations need moving sections or storage lines,the high-speed rail network was decomposed into several non-overlapping sections with stations with related facilities as the boundary,and the section generation method and train splicing combination strategy were proposed to match the demand of time-varying section.Secondly,for the departure capacity constraint at the origin station,final arrival capacity constraint at the destination station,interval passing capacity constraint and total number of trains to be satisfied in the networked line planning,the optimization model of high-speed railway line planning based on time-varying interval section demand was constructed with the penalty cost weighted sum of high-speed railway operation revenue,high-speed railway operation cost and passenger demand deviation as the optimization objective,and four train adjustment strategies and 5 comprehensive scheme adjustment strategies were used to construct the neighborhood solutions and design the simulated annealing solution algorithm.Finally,the model and algorithm were tested using Beijing-Guangzhou,Shanghai-Han-Chengdu,and Zhengzhou-Xi’an high-speed railways.The optimized line planning matches time-varying passenger flow well and demonstrates high operational efficiency and convergence,making it appropriate for designing and optimizing large-scale high-speed railway network line

关 键 词：高速铁路 列车开行方案 时变断面需求 列车拼接 模拟退火算法 

分 类 号：U292.35[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]