氯化钙调控能量代谢途径对小白杏采后转色的影响  

Calcium Chloride Affects Postharvest Color Change of‘Xiaobai’Apricots by Regulating Energy Metabolism Pathways

作　　者：刘雪艳 张洁仙 魏佳[2] 张政 单晴 姜丽巍 吴斌[2] 张平[2] LIU Xueyan;ZHANG Jiexian;WEI Jia;ZHANG Zheng;SHAN Qing;JIANG Liwei;WU Bin;ZHANG Ping(College of Food Science and Pharmacy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Ürümqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Preservation,Institute of Agro-Products Storage and Processing,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ürümqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院农产品贮藏加工所,新疆农产品加工与保鲜重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《食品科学》2023年第23期177-186,共10页Food Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区杏产业技术体系贮运加工岗位项目(XJCYTX-03-04);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02006-3-3)。

摘　　要：以新疆小白杏为试材,采用3 g/100 mL CaCl_(2)或蒸馏水(CK组)雾化熏蒸处理,测定小白杏在(10±1.0)℃、相对湿度(80±5)%条件下果皮、果肉中叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、腺苷三磷酸(adenosine triphosphate,ATP)、二磷酸腺苷(adenosine diphosphate,ADP)、单磷酸腺苷(adenosine monophosphate,AMP)含量和能荷的变化,分析能量代谢相关酶活力及相关基因的表达量变化,探究外源CaCl_(2)处理对小白杏采后能量代谢的调控机制,明确能量代谢水平与转色之间的联系。结果表明,与CK组相比,CaCl_(2)处理小白杏可延缓果皮、果肉中叶绿素降解,抑制类胡萝卜的合成,维持果皮、果肉中ATP、ADP含量和能荷,提高了H^(+)-ATPase、Ca^(2+)-ATPase、琥珀酸脱氢酶(succinate dehydrogenase,SDH)和细胞色素c氧化酶(cytochrome c oxidase,CCO)的活力,并诱导PaH^(+)-ATPase1、PaCa^(2+)-ATPase10、PaSDH和PaCCO6基因表达。果皮和果肉中叶绿素含量与ATP含量、ADP含量、能荷水平均呈正相关,与类胡萝卜素含量均呈负相关;其中,叶绿素含量与ADP含量在果皮、果肉中均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。说明外源CaCl_(2)可通过调节能量代谢延缓小白杏转色,保持较高的能荷,从而延长小白杏采后货架期。In order to investigate the regulatory mechanism of exogeneous calcium chloride(CaCl_(2))on postharvest energy metabolism and ascertain the association between energy metabolism levels and color change in‘Xiaobai’apricots,‘Xiaobai’apricots from Xinjiang were fumigated with 3 g/100 mL CaCl_(2) solution or distilled water(control)before being stored at(10±1.0)℃and relative humidity of(80±5)%.Changes in chlorophyll,carotenoid,adenosine triphosphate(ATP),adenosine diphosphate(ADP),adenosine monophosphate(AMP)contents and energy charge(EC)levels in the peel and pulp of apricots and changes in enzyme activities and gene expression related to energy metabolism were determined during the storage period.The results showed that compared with the control group,CaCl_(2) treatment delayed chlorophyll degradation,inhibited carotenoid synthesis,maintained ATP and ADP contents and energy charge levels,enhanced the activities of H^(+)-ATPase,Ca^(2+)-ATPase,succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)and cytochrome c oxidase(CCO),and induced the expression of the PaH^(+)-ATPase1,PaCa^(2+)-ATPase10,PaSDH and PaCCO6 genes in both peel and pulp.Chlorophyll content in the peel and pulp was positively correlated with ATP,ADP and EC levels,but negatively correlated with carotenoid contents.There was a significantly positive correlation between chlorophyll and ADP levels in the peel and pulp(P<0.01).It was suggested that exogenous CaCl_(2) could delay postharvest color change and maintain high energy charge by regulating energy metabolism,therefore prolonging the shelf life of‘Xiaobai’apricots.

关 键 词：氯化钙 小白杏 采后 能量代谢 叶绿素 

分 类 号：TS255.36[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]