基于矿物元素指纹分析地理标志的品牌腐乳产地溯源  

Geographical Origin Traceability of Sufu with Various Brands Based on Fingerprint Analysis of Mineral Elements for Geographical Indication

作　　者：赵四标 张加稳 王灿 陈娴 刁玉华 ZHAO Sibiao;ZHANG Jiawen;WANG Can;CHEN Xian;DIAO Yuhua(Food Inspection Center,Kunming Institute for Food and Drug Control,Kunming,Yunnan,China 650034)

机构地区：[1]昆明市食品药品检验所食品检验中心,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《昆明学院学报》2023年第6期70-78,共9页Journal of Kunming University

基　　金：云南省市场监督管理局科技计划项目(2022YSJK12,2022YSJK18);昆明市科技计划项目(2023-1-NS-012).

摘　　要：腐乳作为云贵川地区独具特色的发酵食品之一,因风味独特、食用方便、营养物质丰富,深受当地人喜爱.然而,近年来腐乳在流通过程中,品牌较多、工艺水平差异大、质量参差不齐等食品安全问题日益突出.因此,有必要对腐乳中含有元素的含量进行研究分析,为腐乳的产地研判、真伪鉴别提供技术支持.目前,矿质元素指纹分析技术已经成为一种重要的产地溯源手段,主要被应用于食用农产品等领域,但是基于矿物元素的腐乳产地溯源和鉴别报道较少.本文通过对腐乳样品中矿物元素含量和组成进行分析,采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法分别测定云南省楚雄州牟定县、昆明市石林县、贵州省贵阳市3个主产区31个腐乳样品中不同矿物元素含量,并以此为数据基础,运用Fisher函数,采用逐步判别法进行判别分析.通过对腐乳中矿物元素含量的方差分析、主成分分析、判别分析进行矿物元素特征指标确认,结合Ward聚类方法计算欧式距离,采用最短距离法得到树状图.结果表明:微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法的线性关系、相关系数好,检出限、定量限低,可准确检测腐乳中24种元素含量.通过判别分析结果验证,Co、Cu、Cd、Hg、Sr、Sn 6种元素对牟定腐乳的正确判别率为96.7%,判别结果良好.腐乳加工工艺成熟,具有地域特色,影响因素较小,数据准确、结果可信度高、可行性强,该方法可以作为腐乳的产地溯源和质量控制的有效指标,为产地溯源、特色地理标志食品保护、真伪鉴别提供参考.As a unique fermented food in Yunnan,Guizhou and Sichuan,sufu is welcomed by local people because of its unique flavor,convenient edibility and rich nutrients.However,in recent years,in the circulation process of sufu,food safety issues such as various brands,large differences in technology levels,and uneven quality have become increasingly prominent.Therefore,it is necessary to study and analyze the content of elements in sufu,so as to provide technical support for the research and judgment of sufu origin and authenticity identification.Research shows that mineral element fingerprint analysis technology has become an important means of authenticity,which is currently mainly used in food agricultural products and other fields,but there are few reports on the origin traceability and identification of sufu based on mineral elements.This paper analyzes the content and composition of mineral elements in sufu samples,and uses microwave digestion inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine the content of different mineral elements in 31 sufu samples from three main production areas,namely,Mouding county of Chuxiong prefecture,Shilin county,Kunming city,and Guiyang city,Guizhou province.Based on the data,Fisher function is used to carry out discriminant analysis with stepwise discriminant method.Through variance analysis of mineral element content in sufu principal component analysis and discriminant analysis are used to confirm mineral element characteristic indicators,and Ward clustering method is used to calculate Euclidean distance.The shortest distance method is used to obtain a tree graph.The results showed that microwave digestion inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry had good linear relationship and correlation coefficient,low detection limit,and could accurately detect 24 elements in sufu.According to the results of discriminant analysis,the correct discriminant rate of six elements(Co,Cu,Cd,Hg,Sr,Sn)for Moudingsufu was 96.7%,and the discriminant result was good.The processing technology of

关 键 词：腐乳 产地溯源 矿物元素 主成分分析 判别分析 

分 类 号：TS214.2[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]