不同生长期对饲用燕麦营养品质的影响  

Effect of different growth stages on nutritional quality of feed oats

作　　者：蒋阿宁[1] 管建慧[1] JIANG A-ning;GUAN Jian-hui

机构地区：[1]包头轻工职业技术学院农牧工程系,内蒙古包头014035

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第24期100-104,共5页Feed Research

摘　　要：为了探讨不同生长期对饲用燕麦营养品质的影响,研究选用3个燕麦品种(张燕4号、蒙燕1号和魁北克),设置3个生长期,分别为90、82、74 d,于灌浆期测定燕麦的农艺性状、营养品质、产量指标。结果显示,张燕4号生长期为74 d的株高和单株分蘖数均显著高于82 d和90 d(P<0.05),穗长和小穗数量显著高于90 d(P<0.05);蒙燕1号生长期为82 d的株高、单株分蘖数、穗长和小穗数量均显著高于74、90 d(P<0.05);魁北克生长期为90 d的株高、单株分蘖数、穗长和小穗数量均显著高于74、82 d(P<0.05)。张燕4号的粗蛋白(CP)、粗灰分(Ash)、粗脂肪(EE)含量随着生长期的延长而减少,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量随着生长期的延长而增加,生长期为74 d时,张燕4号的相对饲喂价值(RFV)、鲜草产量和干草产量最高,鲜干比最低;蒙燕1号的CP、Ash、EE含量随着生长期的延长呈现先增加后减少的趋势,生长期为82 d时,蒙燕1号的NDF和ADF含量最少,且RFV、鲜草产量和干草产量最高,鲜干比最低;魁北克的CP、Ash、EE含量随着生长期的延长而增加,NDF和ADF含量随着生长期的延长而减少,生长期为90 d时,魁北克的RFV、鲜草产量和干草产量最高,鲜干比最低。3个燕麦品种中,张燕4号的RFV、鲜草产量和干草产量均显著高于蒙燕1号和魁北克(P<0.05),NDF显著低于蒙燕1号和魁北克(P<0.05),ADF显著低于蒙燕1号(P<0.05)。研究表明,张燕4号生长期为74 d较好,蒙燕1号生长期为82 d较好,魁北克生长期为90 d较好,且张燕4号的营养品质最优,适宜在内蒙古地区种植。In order to investigate the effect of different growth stages on the nutritional quality of feed oats,three oat varieties(Zhangyan No.4,Mengyan No.1 and Quebec)were selected,and three growth stages of 90,82 and 74 days were set up,respectively.The agronomic traits,nutritional quality and yield indexes of oats were measured at the filling stage.The results showed that the plant height and tillering number per plant of Zhangyan No.4 at 74 days were significantly higher than those at 82 days and 90 days(P<0.05),the spike length and spikelet number at 74 days were significantly higher than those at 90 days(P<0.05).The plant height,tillering number per plant,spike length and spikelet number of Mengyan No.1 at 82 days were significantly higher than those at 74 days and 90 days(P<0.05).The plant height,tillering number per plant,spike length and spikelet number of Quebec at 90 days were significantly higher than those at 74 days and 82 days(P<0.05).The content of crude protein(CP),crude ash(Ash)and crude fat(EE)of Zhangyan No.4 decreased with the increase of the growing stage,the content of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)increased with the increase of growing stage.When the growth stage was 74 days,the relative feeding value(RFV),the amount of fresh grass and hay were the highest,and the fresh-dry ratio was the lowest.The content of CP,Ash and EE of Mengyan No.1 increased first and then decreased with the growth stage.The content of NDF and ADF of Mengyan No.1 was the lowest at 82 days growth stage,and the RFV,fresh grass yield and hay yield were the highest at 82 days,and the fresh-dry ratio was the lowest at 82 days.The content of CP,Ash and EE in Quebec oat grass increased with the increase of the growing stage,while the content of NDF and ADF decreased with the increase of the growing period.When the growth stage was 90 days,the RFV,fresh grass yield and hay yield in Quebec were the highest,and the fresh-dry ratio was the lowest.Among the three varieties,the RFV,the fresh grass weight and h

关 键 词：生长期 饲用燕麦 生长性状 营养品质 产量 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]