12~18岁孤独症谱系障碍患者皮层下脑结构改变  

Subcortical Structural Alterations in Autism Spectrum Disorder Aged 12-18 Years Old

作　　者：徐滢莹 孙秉玺 吉兆正 苏醒 李雪[2] 刘靖[2] XU Yingying;SUN Bingxi;JI Zhaozheng;SU Xing;LI Xue;LIU Jing(Children's Mental Health Center of Peking University Sixth Hospital,Peking University Institute of Mental Health,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University),National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital),Beijing 100191,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第六医院放射科,北京大学精神卫生研究所,国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院),北京100191 [2]北京大学第六医院儿童心理卫生中心,北京大学精神卫生研究所,国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院),北京100191

出　　处：《中国医学影像学杂志》2023年第12期1239-1243,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical Imaging

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1309900);国家自然科学基金(81571339);北京市自然科学基金(7164314)。

摘　　要：目的探讨12~18岁孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患者皮层下脑结构特点以及结构异常脑区随年龄发育变化的特征。资料与方法纳入2013年3月—2021年1月北京大学第六医院符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第五版ASD诊断标准的12~18岁青少年102例及性别、年龄相匹配的正常青少年42例,对所有受试者进行结构磁共振扫描。使用freeSurfer软件处理所有受试者的3D T1图像,分割皮层下脑区,对两组皮层下脑区体积进行协方差分析,并分别探索存在组间差异的脑区在ASD组和正常对照组内12~13岁、14~15岁及16~18岁的受试者间及上述年龄段ASD组和正常对照组间的发育差异。结果与正常对照组相比,12~18岁ASD组右侧尾状核、右侧苍白球、左侧海马以及胼胝体前部体积显著增大(F=4.522、5.955、7.191、5.326,P均<0.05)。正常对照组胼胝体前部体积在3个年龄组间差异有统计学意义(F=5.248,P=0.01),ASD组胼胝体前部体积在3个年龄组间差异无统计学意义(F=2.345,P=0.101)。结论12~18岁ASD患者存在多个皮层下结构异常,其胼胝体前部体积的发育特征与正常对照组存在差异,提示青少年ASD患者大脑具有不同的发育特征。Purpose To explore the subcortical structure characteristics in autism spectrum disorder(ASD)aged 12-18 years old and the developmental characteristics of abnormal regions with age.Materials and Methods A total of 102 adolescents aged 12-18 years old meeting the diagnostic criteria for ASD in diagnostic and statistical manual,fifth edition and 42 gender and age matched typically developing controls were enrolled from March 2013 to January 2021 in Peking University Sixth Hospital.Structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed on all participants.The freeSurfer software was used to process the 3D T1 images of all participants and segment the subcortical regions.Covariance analysis was performed to compare the volumes of subcortical regions between the two groups.Analysis of variance and covariance were used to explore the developmental differences of brain regions with significant group differences within the ASD and control groups in the age groups of 12-13,14-15 and 16-18,as well as between the ASD and control groups in these age groups.Results Compared to the control group,the volumes of the right caudate,right pallidum,left hippocampus,and corpus callosum anterior region were significantly increased in the ASD group(F=4.522,5.955,7.191,5.326,P<0.05).The volume of the corpus callosum anterior region showed significant differences among the aged 12-13,14-15 and 16-18 years groups of the control group(F=5.248,P=0.01),while there was no significant difference among these three groups of the ASD group(F=2.345,P=0.101).Conclusion Adolescents with ASD aged 12-18 years show abnormalities in multiple subcortical structures,and the developmental characteristics of the corpus callosum anterior region are different from typically developing controls,suggesting that the brains of adolescents with ASD have distinct developmental features.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 皮层下结构 磁共振成像 青少年 

分 类 号：R748[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R445.2[医药卫生—临床医学]