王船山对饶双峰《孟子》说的批评与接受  

Wang Chuanshan’s Criticism and Acceptance of Rao Shuangfeng’s Explanation on Mengzi

作　　者：许家星 Xu Jiaxing

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学哲学学院,北京100084

出　　处：《中州学刊》2024年第1期117-124,共8页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(21VGQ018)。

摘　　要：王船山《读四书大全说》对朱子再传饶双峰的《孟子》说加以深度剖析,从解经方法上严厉批评饶双峰过于分析的区别法“自误误人不小”,简直是“石田中求罅隙”;在理气观上,船山倡导理气不相离、理势不可截然分的理气相因观;在人心论上,船山严格辨析真心、本心与佛老之别,对双峰以人心为仁之解极表赞赏;在仁与礼乐、仁与不仁、孝与义等问题上,船山提出新的看法,批评双峰“谕父母于道”说违背了孝道精神。船山对双峰的反思与接受,表明船山思想的形成与发展建立在对朱子后学继承与批判之上,朱子后学构成船山思想的重要来源,显示出船山学的朱学底色。In his book of Dusishudaquanshuo,Wang Chuanshan deeply examined the explanation of Mengzi by Rao Shuangfeng,one of Zhu Zi’s second generation disciples.In terms of the methods of explaining classics,he severely criticized Rao Shuangfeng’s distinguishing methods which were so overly analytical as to“mislead himself and others”,as it were,“seeking gap from the field full of stones”.For the view of Li and Qi,Chuanshan advocated that Li and Qi depend on each other which means Li and Qi are inseparable and Li and Shi are also indivisible.On human mind theory,Chuanshan strictly distinguished the differences among truth mind,original mind,and the mind of Buddhism and Taoism,and highly appreciated Shuangfeng’s interpretation of regarding human mind as benevolence.On other aspects,such as benevolence and rites and music,benevolence and non-benevolence,filial piety and righteousness,Chuanshan put forward some new thought,especially criticized Shuangfeng’s idea of“instructing parents in the way”for violating the spirit of filial piety.Chuanshan’s reflections on and acceptance of Shuangfeng showed that the formation and development of Chuanshan’s thought was based on the inheritance and criticism of Zhu Xi’s later disciples,which constituted an important source of Chuanshan’s thought,displaying the fundamental color of Zhu Zi’s philosophy in Chuanshan studies.

关 键 词：王船山 饶双峰 四书学 朱子学 

分 类 号：B249.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]