生态移民社区教育实践与可持续发展——基于三江源生态移民社区的田野考察  

Ecological Migration Community Education Practice and Sustainable Development:Field Investigation Based on the Ecological Migration Community of Sanjiangyuan

作　　者：张娜[1] 完德吉 ZHANG Na;WANDE Kyi(School of Foreign Studies,Minzu University of China,Beijing 10008l;School of Ethnology and Sociology,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学外国语学院,北京100081 [2]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《民族教育研究》2023年第5期125-133,共9页Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“一带一路”沿线各国民族志研究及数据库建设(项目编号:17ZDA155)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：生态移民社区的教育实践影响社区的可持续发展。本研究结合人类学的参与式观察和深度访谈法与历史资料分析法,梳理和分析移民对普通教育与培训教育由排斥到接受乃至依托的实践变化历程。研究发现,移民社区的教育实践是移民不同代际主体实现就业与转变生计方式的重要途径,且普通教育与培训教育前后共同作用于移民不同代际主体转变生计方式的过程,体现了二者对移民群体生计转换的接续性影响,从而促使移民社区可持续发展的状态呈动态变化的结构性特征。同时,研究针对生态移民社区可持续发展背景的特殊性与两种教育实践在移民社区中所遇到的问题,提出对普通教育从政策辅助,学校和家庭的合作以及对培训教育从培训内容、过程和结果等方面进行改进的建议,以进一步推进生态移民社区可持续发展。Educational practices in ecological migration communities influence the sustainable development of their communities.Combining the participatory observation,in-depth interview and historical data analysis,this paper reviews the practical change process of migrants'general education and training education from rejection to acceptance and even support.The study finds that the educational practice of migration communities is an important way for different intergenerational subjects to realize employment and change their livelihood patterns.Also the general education and training education work together in the process of different intergenerational subjects of migrants reflects the continuous influence of both on the livelihood conversion of migrants groups,thus promoting the dynamic change of the sustainable development of migration communities.As a result,the state of sustainable development of immigrant communities shows dynamic and changing structural characteristics.At the same time,addressing the particularity of the sustainable development background of the ecological migration community and the problems encountered by the two educational practices in the migration community,this paper proposes suggestions for improving the general education from policy assistance,school and family cooperation and training education from the aspects of training content,process and results,so as to further promote the sustainable development of ecological migration communities.

关 键 词：生态移民 社区教育 三江源生态移民社区 教育人类学 田野调查 

分 类 号：G779.2[文化科学—教育学]