东北雨养条件下加工型马铃薯新品种产量与品质表现  

Yield and quality performance of new processed potato varieties under rain-fed conditions in Northeast China

作　　者：石瑛[1,2] 宋雪微 商靖雯 杨晓彤 SHI Ying;SONG Xuewei;SHANG Jingwen;YANG Xiaotong(School of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement,Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region,Ministry of Education,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]寒地粮食作物种质创新与生理生态教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2023年第9期1-9,共9页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-09)。

摘　　要：为探究东北雨养条件下加工型马铃薯产量与品质表现,阐明不同品种不同环境下性状差异和氮钾肥吸收规律,为推广应用加工型马铃薯新品种、实现品种升级提供理论依据。以东农314和东农322为试验材料,并以大西洋为对照品种,通过两年田间试验,设置常肥、高钾、高钾高氮3个氮钾配比,分析不同降雨量及不同施肥条件对加工型马铃薯产量性状与部分品质性状的影响。结果表明,产量和品质综合表现最佳为东农314。两个加工型新品种在单株产量和单株薯数上表现优于对照品种大西洋;在块茎形成期雨量适宜年度下单株薯数、商品薯率和各项品质表现较好,在块茎膨大期降雨充足年度下单株产量和单薯重较高。不同品种对氮钾肥调控反应不同,东农314在施用150kg·hm^(-2)钾肥的高钾处理下多数产量性状和品质性状表现较好;东农322在常肥处理下施用氮肥109.5kg·hm^(-2)、钾肥112.5kg·hm^(-2)时单薯重、商品薯率、淀粉和粗蛋白含量表现更佳。In order to explore the yield and quality performance of processed potato varieties under rain-fed conditions in Northeast China,and to clarify the differences of potato varieties in nitrogen and potassium uptake,providing theoretical basis for popularizing and applying new processed potato varieties and realizing variety upgrading,field experiments including two new released potato varieties of Dongnong 314 and Dongnong 322 and the three ratios of nitrogen to potassium(normal fertilizer,high potassium,high potassium and high nitrogen)were conducted to analyze the effects of different rainfall and fertilization conditions on the yield and some quality traits of processed potato.The results showed that the best yield and quality was Dongnong 314.The yield per plant and number of potato per plant of the two processing varieties were better than that of the control variety Atlantic.In the year of tuber formation period with moderate rainfall,the number of tuber per plant,the rate of commercial tuber and the quality were better,while in the year of tuber expansion period with sufficient rainfall,the yield per plant and the weight per tuber were higher.Different varieties had different responses to nitrogen and potassium fertilizer regulation.Most yield characters and quality characters of Dongnong 314 were better under the high potassium treatment with 150 kg·hm^(-2) potassium fertilizer.The single potato weight,commercial potato percentage,starch content and crude protein content of Dongnong 322 were better when 109.5 kg·hm^(-2) nitrogen fertilizer and 112.5 kg·hm^(-2) potassium fertilizer were applied under normal fertilizer treatment.

关 键 词：马铃薯 加工型品种 雨养区 氮钾肥 产量和品质 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]