苦味受体的非味觉功能研究进展  

Advanced Researches on Bitter Taste Receptors in Extra-oral Function

作　　者：王辉[1,2] 冯平 WANG Hui;FENG Ping(Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University),Ministry of Education,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China;College of Life Sciences,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西桂林541006 [2]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期18-27,共10页Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32060111);珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室研究基金(ERESEP2022Z02);广西师范大学研究生优秀学位论文培育计划项目(2022EMT025)。

摘　　要：苦味的识别对动物生存至关重要,该过程由苦味受体介导。食物中的化学物质刺激口腔内的苦味感受器,经信号传导反馈给大脑,产生苦味感知并最终影响食物的选择和排斥。除了基本的味觉功能,苦味受体在口腔外的其他器官和组织中普遍表达,在细胞增殖、代谢调控、免疫反应等重要的生理生化过程中发挥作用。尽管苦味受体的蛋白结构仍未得到全部解析,具体的功能和作用机制未知,但由于其亚型众多且分布广泛,是理想的靶点,并将成为各类疾病治疗的重要探究方向。本文介绍苦味受体在口腔外部分器官组织中的表达和在相关疾病中的研究进展,有助于全面系统理解苦味受体的重要作用。Bitter taste detection is essential for animal survival.Bitter taste receptors are encoded by bitter taste receptor genes.Bitter chemicals in food stimulate bitter taste receptors in the oral cavity.The information is fed back to the brain via signal conduction to mediate bitter taste perception and ultimately influence food selection and rejection.In exception to the basic taste perception functions,bitter taste receptors are commonly expressed in other organs and tissues beyond the oral cavity playing important roles in cell reproduction,metabolic regulation,inflammation and other important biochemical responses.Although the experimental structures of bitter taste receptors are lacking,it is still important on the treatment of diseases as ideal drug targets due to numerous subtypes and broad expressions.This review presents the expressions of bitter taste receptors in some tissues outside the oral cavity and research advances in diseases,which can help to understand bitter taste receptors comprehensively.

关 键 词：苦味受体 味觉功能 苦味激动剂 代谢调控 

分 类 号：Q-1[生物学]