阶梯式会话训练策略提升孤独症儿童会话能力的研究  

A Study of Ladder Model Conversation Training Strategy to Improve the Conversation Ability of Children with Autism

作　　者：薛炜 刘敏 刘巧云 Xue Wei;Liu Min;Liu Qiaoyun(Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences,School of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育学部康复科学系,上海200062

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2024年第1期16-20,共5页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

摘　　要：目的探究阶梯式会话训练策略提升孤独症儿童会话能力的效果。方法运用阶梯式会话训练策略对两名7~8岁孤独症儿童进行干预。采用跨被试多探测实验设计,每周干预3次,每次持续35 min,被试甲干预持续4周,被试乙持续3周。分别在基线期、干预期、维持期与泛化期四个阶段评估会话发起、会话维持和会话中断的数量和类型,并采用重叠率与时间序列C统计来评价干预效果。结果被试甲(重叠率8.33%,C=0.89,P<0.01)和被试乙(重叠率20%,C=0.83,P<0.01)的会话发起数量在干预期均显著高于基线期,在其余相邻阶段之间均无显著差异。被试甲(重叠率0%,C=0.89,P<0.01)和被试乙(重叠率10%,C=0.91,P<0.01)的会话维持数量在干预期均显著高于基线期,在其余相邻阶段之间均无显著差异。提高的会话发起和维持类型均以言语形式为主。会话中断主要表现为“不能解释的回应”,干预后会话中断比例下降明显。结论阶梯式会话训练策略对孤独症儿童会话发起与维持改善会话中断具有积极的促进作用。Objective To study the intervention effect of Ladder Model conversation training strategy on improving the conversation skills of children with autism.Methods A multi-probe design across participants was adopted to examine the intervention effectiveness of the strategy on two 7~8 year old autistic children.Intervention lasted for 4 weeks for subjuct A and 3 weeks for subject B.Thirty-five minutes each time,three times a week.The number and type of conversation initiation,maintenance and interruption were evaluated in the baseline period,intervention period,maintenance period and generalization period.The overlap rate and simplified time-series analysis were used to evaluate the outcome.Results The number of conversation initiation of subject A(overlap rate 8.33%,C=0.89,P<0.01)and subject B(overlap rate 20%,C=0.83,P<0.01)was significantly higher in intervention periods than that in baseline,but no significant difference was observed between the other adjacent periods.The number of conversation maintenance of subject A(overlap rate 0%,C=0.89,P<0.01)and subject B(overlap rate 10%,C=0.91,P<0.01)was significantly higher in intervention periods than that in baseline,but no significant difference was found between the other adjacent periods.The type of conversation initiation and maintenance that subjects improved were mainly in verbal forms.The main type of interruption was“unexplained response”,the proportion of interruption decreased obviously after intervention.Conclusion The strategy has positive effect on improving conversation initiation and maintenance of children with autism,and reducing the proportion of interruption.

关 键 词：孤独症儿童 会话干预 会话发起 会话维持 会话中断 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]