青贮巨菌草乳酸菌的分离鉴定及其对蚕豆秸秆青贮发酵的效果  

Isolation,Identification of a Lactic Acid Bacteria Strain and Its Effect on Fermentation of Broad Bean Straw Silage

作　　者：廖隽锐 刘韶娜 霍金龙[2] 杨福华 李新荣 常雅洁 赵智勇 LIAO Junrui;LIU Shaona;HUO Jinlong;YANG Fuhua;LI Xinrong;CHANG Yajie;ZHAO Zhiyong(Yunnan Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences,Kunming 650224,China;Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省畜牧兽医科学院,云南昆明650224 [2]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期966-972,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划(202102AE090039);曲靖麒麟区畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用产业科技特派团(202204BI090010)。

摘　　要：【目的】从青贮巨菌草中筛选分离抑菌性能良好的乳酸菌,并研究其对蚕豆秸秆青贮发酵的效果。【方法】从青贮巨菌草中分离纯化乳酸菌;用指示菌(大肠杆菌K88、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌)筛选获得拮抗菌;综合菌落形态、革兰氏染色和16S rDNA分析对其进行鉴定;通过生长曲线、产酸和抑菌能力、抗生素耐药性等确定青贮乳酸菌的特性;用筛选到的具有较强抑菌能力的乳酸菌发酵蚕豆秸秆,检测蚕豆秸秆的常规营养成分,并进行感官评价和霉菌毒素含量测定,确定所筛选乳酸菌对青贮发酵的效果。【结果】从巨菌草青贮产物中筛选到1株可抑制大肠杆菌K88、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的乳酸菌R-01,并将其鉴定为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)。该菌生长优良,产酸性能好,有较强的抑菌能力;对多种抗生素有较强的耐药性;将该菌作为添加剂,能有效提高青贮蚕豆秸秆的营养价值并降低霉菌毒素含量。【结论】筛选鉴定的R-01乳酸杆菌具有优良的生长、产酸、抑菌及耐药特性,可使青贮饲料快速酸化,能有效保持饲料营养成分,降低霉菌毒素含量并提升青贮整体效果,可作为青贮发酵菌株使用。[Purpose]To screen and isolate lactic acid bacteria(LAB)with promising bacteriostatic performance from Pennisetum giganteum in silage,and to study their effects on fermentation of board bean straw.[Methods]LAB were isolated and purified from the silage products of P.giganteum.Escherichia coli K88,Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus were used as indicator bacteria to obtain antagonistic bacteria.The LAB were identified based on colony morphology,Gram staining and 16S rDNA.The characteristics of LAB were identified by growth curve,acid producing ability,and antibiotic resistance.The LAB with strong antibacterial ability were used to ferment broad bean straw,and the conventional nutritional components,sensory evaluation and mycotoxin content were analyzed to determine the effect of the screened LAB on silage fermentation.[Results]A strain R-01 with strong inhibitory effect on E.coli K88,S.typhimurium and S.aureus was screened from silage product of P.giganteum.It was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum,which had good growth,good acid-producing property,strong bacteriostatic ability and strong resistance to many anti-biotics.As an additive,R-01 had some unexceptionable characteristics on improving nutritional value of broad bean straw and reducing the content of mycotoxins in silage.[Conclusion]The R-01 screened and identified has excellent characteristics on growth,acid production,bactriostasisk and drug resistance,which can acidify the silage rapidly,effectively maintain the nutrient composition in silage,reduce the mycotoxin content and improve the overall effect of silage,suggesting a promising strain for fermentation in silage.

关 键 词：巨菌草 青贮 乳酸菌 蚕豆秸秆 发酵 

分 类 号：S432.42[农业科学—植物病理学]