高速公路互通式立交入口至隧道入口最小净距研究  

Study on Minimum Clear Distance between Expressway Interchange Entrance and Tunnel Entrance

作　　者：李东丽 李纲 林宣财[3] 富志鹏[3] 潘兵宏[4] LI Dong-li;LI Gang;LIN Xuan-cai;FU Zhi-Peng;PAN Bing-hong(Shaanxi Road&Bridge Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an Shaanxi 710065,China;Shaanxi Transportation Holding Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an Shaanxi 710065,China;CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an Shaanxi 710075,China;School of Highway,Chang’an University,Xi’an Shaanxi 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西路桥集团有限公司,陕西西安710065 [2]陕西交控集团有限公司,陕西西安710065 [3]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710075 [4]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2023年第12期197-207,共11页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：中交科技基金项目(201805)。

摘　　要：针对山区高速公路互通式立交入口至隧道入口净距过小而无法满足车辆顺利完成操作、极易导致车辆在隧道入口处发生交通事故的问题,对高速公路互通式立交入口与隧道入口路段的最小净距进行了研究。首先,分析了该路段车辆的行驶特性,考虑了标志视认、判断决策、车辆换道等实际驾驶需求与隧道入口过渡段要求,分别建立了互通式立交入口与中、短隧道和长隧道入口的最小净距计算模型。其次,对净距模型中所涉及的车辆运行特性展开了数据调查与分析,验证了双曲正切换道模型与此类路段车辆换道轨迹具有高度适配性,并确定了车辆运行速度、换道长度等模型关键参数,提出了不同车道数和服务水平等条件下最小净距建议值。最后,基于最小净距研究的条件和结果,提出了互通式立交入口与隧道入口路段交通安全保障措施。结果表明:互通式立交入口与隧道入口的最小净距与基本路段限速值、服务水平、车道数、隧道类型等多因素相关。同时,将研究结果与《公路立体交叉设计细则》(JTG/T D21—2014)对比,发现细则中规定的最小净距值偏小,这从一定程度上解释了目前这种路段事故多发的原因。研究为今后在实际工程中的灵活设计和安全保障措施的设置提供了参考。Aiming at the problem that the clear distance between the interchange entrance of mountainous expressway and the tunnel entrance is too short to meet the requirements of the corresponding operation of vehicles,leading to traffic accidents at the tunnel entrance,the minimum clear distance between the interchange entrance of the expressway and the tunnel entrance is studied.First,through the analysis of the driving characteristics and driving requirements of vehicles in the short clear distance section,the minimum clear distance calculation models from the interchange entrance to the entrance of the medium and short tunnel and the long tunnel are respectively established.Second,the operating speed and lane change trajectory in the model are established.Data investigation and analysis of key parameters are conducted,and it has been verified that the hyperbolic positive switching lane model is highly adaptable in short clear distance sections.Finally,based on the condition and result of the minimum clear distance study,the traffic safety guarantee measures for the entrance section of interchange and tunnel are put forward.The result shows that the minimum clear distance between the interchange entrance and the tunnel entrance is related to multiple factors such as the basic road section speed limit,service level,number of lanes and tunnel type.At the same time,comparing the calculation results with‘Guidelines for Design of Highway Grade-separated Intersections’(JTG/T D21—2014),it can be seen that the minimum clear distance between the interconnection entrance and the tunnel entrance in the specification is too short,that explains to a certain extent the reason for the frequent occurrence of accidents in the short clear distance section.The study provides a reference for the flexible design and the setting of safety measures in practical engineering in the future.

关 键 词：交通安全 最小净距 理论计算模型 小净距路段 互通式立交 隧道 

分 类 号：U412.35[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]