论高质量乡村教师职前培养的在地化转向  

On the Localization of Pre-service Training of High-quality Rural Teachers

作　　者：苏鹏举 王安全[1] SU Pengju;WANG Anquan(Faculty of Education and Society,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia,750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学教育与社会学部,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2024年第2期58-74,共17页Education and Teaching Research

基　　金：2018年度国家社科基金重点项目“西部乡村振兴中的教师教育供给制度研究”(编号:18AMZ015);2022年度高等教育科学研究规划重大项目“西部乡村教师教育协同提质路径研究”(编号:22JS0101)。

摘　　要：“强师计划”背景下,乡村教师职前培养在地化转向是赋能教师教育现代化和助力乡村教育高质量发展的应有之义。其时代价值包括:以育己价值充盈乡村教师生命在场生活世界、以化人价值引领乡村儿童重构成长精神世界、以厚乡价值浸润乡土文化融入乡村公共世界、以铸根价值营构乡村培根铸魂人文情感世界。当前,“贤才难招”起于教育理念“城市化”、“优才难留”困于培养要求“同质化”、“英才难优”源于课程体系“离农化”、“现才难育”陷于价值旨归“工具化”构成了乡村教师职前培养在地化转向的制约因素。基于此,确立“为了乡村社会”教育理念是“贤才下得去”的关键力,聚焦“基于地方属性”培养要求是“优才留得住”的核心力,构建“嵌入乡土底蕴”课程体系是“英才教得好”的内驱力,回应“服务社会实践”价值旨归是“现才有发展”的支持力,以此实现高质量乡村教师职前培养在地化转向。Under the background of the"Strong Teacher Plan",the shift to localization of pre-service training for rural teachers is the due meaning of enabling the modernization of teacher education and promoting the high-quality develop-ment of rural education.The values of the times include:enriching the life world of rural teachers with the value of educat-ing oneself,leading rural children to reconstruct the growth spiritual world with the value of transforming human beings,infiltrating the local culture into the public world of the countryside with the value of countryside,and constructing the hu-manistic and emotional world of the countryside with the value of casting the roots.At present,the education concept of"urbanization'tends to be"difficult to recruit talented people",the training requirements of"homogenization"is limited to"difficult to retain talented people",the curriculum system"away from agriculture"is trapped in the"talented people are difficult to be excellent",the value goal of the"instrumentalization"is trapped in the"talented people are difficult to edu-cate".These constitute the factors restricting the localization of rural teachers'pre-service training.Therefore,establishing the educational concept of"for the rural society"is the key force for"the talented to stay";focusing on the cultivation requirements"based on local attributes"is the core force for"retaining excellent talents";building a curriculum system of"embedding in local heritage"is the internal driving force of"talents are taught wel';and responding to the value orienta-tion of"serving social practice"is the supporting force for"the development of current talents",thus achieving the localiza-tion of high-quality pre-service training for rural teachers.

关 键 词：“强师计划” 乡村教师 高质量发展 教师教育现代化 在地化培养 

分 类 号：G451[文化科学—教育学]