如何通过改变情境助推员工建言:时间标记的作用  

How to promote employee voice behavior by changing situations:The role of temporal landmarks

作　　者：李箫 许婷婷 段锦云 LI Xiao;XU Tingting;DUAN Jinyun(Suzhou Industrial Park Institute of Services Outsourcing,Suzhou 215123;School of Psychology and Cognitive Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]苏州工业园区服务外包学院,苏州215123 [2]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《心理研究》2024年第1期34-41,共8页Psychological Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“数字化背景下员工主动行为研究”(72072058)。

摘　　要：员工建言是组织创新和发展的重要推动力,建言功效的发挥无法脱离组织情境而存在。本研究主要探讨了时间标记在通过改变情境助推员工建言这一过程中发挥的作用,并将助推的思想融入建言的情境研究,讨论如何运用助推机制,采取恰当方法来改变情境,进而促进员工建言。本研究提出时间标记影响员工建言是一个由外部情境因素助推,从而影响员工内在建言动机来促进建言产生的过程。员工建言动机的产生促使员工产生建言行为,而情景的助推能够增强员工的建言动机,促使员工产生更多的建言行为。这一助推的过程包括两个步骤:第一步,通过时间标记使员工产生建言动机,即时间标记诱导的现在建言自我与期望的未来建言自我的对比促进了员工建言动机的产生。第二步,通过情境助推来增强员工的建言动机,即通过情境因素影响员工的心理认知(变革认知和变革开放性、自我效能感、心理安全感、心理所有权),进而增强员工的建言动机。这一新视角有助于研究者理解员工建言的影响因素及其内在机制,且对促进组织发展具有重要现实意义。Employee's voice behavior is an important role in an organization's innovation and development.The emergence and function of voice behavior cannot be separated from the situation of the organization.This study aimed to explore the role of temporal landmarks in the process of employee voice by changing the situation.This study discussed how to use the nudge mechanism and took appropriate methods to change the situation to promote employee voice.The study proposed that the influence of temporal landmarks on employee voice was a process that was nudged by external contextual factors,thus affecting employees'intrinsic voice motivation.The employee voice motivation promoted employee voice behavior,while the change of situation can enhance employee voice motivation and promote employees to have more voice behavior.This process included two steps:The first step was to generate voice motivation through temporal landmarks,that is,the comparison between the present voice-self and the expected future voice-self promotes induced employee voice motivation.The second step was to enhance employees'voice motivation through the changed of situation to make their employees produce more voice behavior.From the perspective of the nudge,we explored how to use the nudge mechanism and adopted appropriate methods to promote employees' voice behavior by changing the situation.This integration perspective was helpful for researchers to understand the influencing factors and internal mechanism of employee's voice behavior,and had important practical implications for promoting the development of the organization.

关 键 词：员工建言 时间标记 情境 助推 

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