以貌取人:儿童基于面孔的信任判断  

Judging a book by its cover:The influence of facial features on children’s trust judgments

作　　者：郑远霞 刘国雄 辛聪 程黎[2,3] ZHENG Yuanxia;LIU Guoxiong;XIN Cong;CHENG Li(School of Psychology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097,China;Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Educational and Developmental Research Center of Children’s Creativity,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学心理学院,南京210097 [2]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875 [3]北京师范大学教育学部儿童创造力发展与教育研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2024年第2期300-317,共18页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划——“超常儿童发现与创新能力培养评价关键技术研究”(项目编号:2023YFC3341300);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目”(KYCX22_1440)。

摘　　要：儿童可以像成人一样快速地根据面孔做出信任判断。这种基于面孔的信任判断对儿童的知识学习、社会适应和自我保护具有重要作用。影响儿童信任判断的面孔特征包括性别、种族、面孔吸引力、可信度、能力、支配性和表情。面孔特征可能通过知觉基础、情绪情感、一般认知能力和社会经验等四个方面作用于信任判断,在此基础上提出了儿童基于面孔的信任判断模型。未来的研究方向包括:1)改进研究方法;2)探索儿童基于面孔特征信任判断的发展特点;3)深入探究面孔特征影响儿童信任判断的机制以完善其理论模型。Children can make trust judgments based on facial features as quickly as adults.Such trust judgments based on facial features play a crucial role in children’s knowledge acquisition,social adaptation,and self-protection.The facial features that influence children’s trust judgments include gender,race,facial attractiveness,trustworthiness,competence,dominance,and expressions.These facial features may influence trust judgment from four aspects:perceptual foundation,emotion and affect,general cognitive abilities,and social experience.Based on these factors,a children’s trust judgment model for children based on faces is proposed.Accordingly,suggestions for future research are presented,including:1)improving research methods,2)exploring the developmental characteristics of children’s trust judgments based on facial features,and 3)investigating the mechanisms through which facial features influence children’s trust judgments to improve the theoretical model.

关 键 词：信任判断 面孔特征 面孔吸引力 面孔可信度 儿童 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]