具有低开关频率的感应电机无传感器控制  

Research on sensorless control of induction motor with low switching frequency

作　　者：齐昕[1] 任佳仕 石向阳 赵宇航 李凌一 QI Xin;REN Jiashi;SHI Xiangyang;ZHAO Yuhang;LI Lingyi(School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Shunde Innovation School,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Foshan 528399,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学顺德创新学院,佛山528399

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2024年第3期491-502,共12页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51407007);佛山市人民政府科技创新专项资金资助项目(BK21BE016)。

摘　　要：着眼于传统低开关频率控制方法对无感磁链观测带来不利影响的问题,提出了一种具有低开关频率的感应电机无传感器控制方法.使用速度自适应滑模观测器与预测控制方法相结合,构成感应电机无传感器预测控制系统.其可以在较高采样频率下,有效降低开关频率,并保证系统具有较高的动态特性.同时,滑模思想的引入使观测器具有较强的鲁棒性.实验结果表明,所提出的低开关频率无传感器控制策略具有较高的控制精度和较强的抗干扰性能,研究的自适应滑模观测器在稳态和动态实验中均具有良好的观测精度,其中电流环响应时间可以达到1.52 ms,可以实现75 r·min^(–1)及以上转速范围内的稳定观测及运行,且系统最高平均开关频率保持在500 Hz上下,为较低的水平.AC induction motors have been widely used in various industries,and their sensorless control system has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.To realize sensorless control of the induction motor,the rotor flux and speed must be observed.The sliding mode observer has strong robustness and high observation accuracy;therefore,it has attracted considerable attention.In addition,in the induction motor control system,the high switching frequency of the inverter causes high loss to the switching device and reduces the service life of the inverter.Therefore,the inverter switching frequency should be reduced to the maximum achievable level during the control process.However,in the traditional low switching frequency control method based on space vector pulse-width-modulation(SVPWM),a decrease in the switching frequency reduces the sampling frequency of the system.Simultaneously,it increases the sampling time delay,reduces the control bandwidth,and directly affects the observation accuracy of the rotor flux observer in the sensorless control method,thereby resulting in a poor sensorless control effect.Predictive control has the characteristics of rolling optimization,which realizes a low switching frequency and ensures a high sampling frequency of the system,thus ensuring the observation accuracy of the observer and system control effect in the sensorless application scenario.Therefore,this paper proposes a sensorless control method for an induction motor with low switching frequency to solve the problem that the traditional control method adversely affects noninductive flux observation.The sensorless predictive control system of the induction motor is constructed by combining a speed adaptive sliding mode observer under the boundary confined predictive control method.This sensorless control system can effectively reduce the switching frequency at a high sampling frequency and ensure a high dynamic characteristic of the system.In addition,the introduction of the sliding mode makes the observer robust.Experimental

关 键 词：无传感器 低开关频率 电流预测型开关策略 自适应滑模观测器 感应电机 

分 类 号：TM343.3[电气工程—电机]