环境因素对食物过敏的影响  

Environmental influences on food allergy

作　　者：张校玮 柳思宇 李欣[1,2] 陈红兵[1,3,4] Zhang Xiaowei;Liu Siyu;Li Xin;Chen Hongbing(State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource,School of Food Science and Technology,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330047,China;School of Food Science and Technology,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330047,China;Sino-German Joint Research Institute,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330047,China;Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy,Nanchang 330047,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学食品科学与资源挖掘全国重点实验室,南昌330047 [2]南昌大学食品学院,南昌330047 [3]南昌大学中德联合研究院,南昌330047 [4]江西省食物过敏重点实验室,南昌330047

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2023年第12期1921-1928,共8页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31872887)。

摘　　要：食物过敏是一种由食物变应原引起的异常免疫反应,导致呕吐、腹泻、胃食管反流、皮肤瘙痒、呼吸困难等症状,严重时还可导致过敏性休克甚至死亡。食物过敏在人群中的发病率报告不一,但儿童的发生率明显高于成年人,成为威胁儿童健康的主要问题之一,引起了全球公共卫生领域的广泛研究。近三十年来,全世界食物过敏发病率不断上升,且过敏症状越来越严重,此与环境因素的作用密切相关。大量研究表明,环境在食物过敏的发生发展中起着重要的作用。本文阐述各种环境因素对食物过敏的影响及其潜在机制。重点介绍了不同环境因素对食物过敏的影响,为进一步认识食物过敏的风险因素提供了参考信息,有助于食物过敏的科学防控,推动过敏病预防的发展与进步。Food allergy is an abnormal immune response triggered by food allergens,resulting in symptoms such as vomiting,diarrhea,gastroesophageal reflux,pruritus,dyspnea,and in severe cases,anaphylactic shock and mortality.The prevalence of food allergy varies within the population,with a significantly higher incidence observed among children compared to adults.This escalating trend in pediatric food allergy has emerged as a prominent concern jeopardizing children′s well-being,thus prompting extensive investigations within the realm of global public health.Over the past three decades,there has been a progressive increase in the global prevalence of food allergy,accompanied by a heightened severity of allergic manifestations.Environmental factors have been identified as crucial determinants in this escalating phenomenon.Extensive research has demonstrated the pivotal role played by the environment in both the onset and progression of food allergies.The present article aims to consolidate the effects of diverse environmental factors on food allergy,elucidating their underlying mechanisms.Emphasis is placed on delineating the impact of distinct environmental factors on food allergy,thereby furnishing valuable insights for comprehending the risk factors associated with this condition.Furthermore,this comprehensive analysis contributes to the advancement of scientific strategies for the prevention and management of food allergy,promoting the development and advancement of preventive medicine.

关 键 词：环境暴露 食物过敏 风险因素 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]