基于分形理论的城市轨道交通客流动态特征研究  

Research on Dynamic Characteristics of Urban Rail Transit Passenger Flow Based on Fractal Theory

作　　者：刘泽昊 金辉 李再帏[1] 何越磊[1] LIU Zehao;JIN Hui;LI Zaiwei;HE Yuelei(School of Urban Rail Transit,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201600,China;School of Rail Transit,Soochow University,Suzhou 215100,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201600 [2]苏州大学轨道交通学院,江苏苏州215100

出　　处：《物流科技》2024年第3期61-65,共5页Logistics Sci-Tech

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52178430)。

摘　　要：随着城市轨道交通的发展,其站点与线路设施将逐渐完善,并引发客流的变化。为评价轨道交通客流的动态特征,针对轨道交通客流时空不确定的特点,采用半径-面积法,分析轨道交通客流进/出站维数与其分枝维数,探究轨道交通建设过程中客流分维的短时与长期变化特征。为研究轨道客流的自仿射特性,采用功率谱分析法,计算自仿射记录维数。以苏州市轨道交通为例,发现客流的全天变化趋势可用分形维数量化分析。采用功率谱分析方法逐一求解不同时间段下的自仿射记录维数,发现平峰期的客流空间衰减率更高,同质性更低。研究成果可为进一步解析与优化轨道交通的利用效率与服务能力提供理论指导。With the development of urban rail transit,its station and line facilities will be gradually improved,which will lead to changes in passenger flow.In order to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of rail transit passenger flow,in view of the uncertain characteristics of rail transit passenger flow in time and space,the radius-area method is adopted to analyze the inbound/outbound dimensions and their branching dimensions of rail transit passenger flow,and to explore the short-term and long-term change characteristics of passenger flow fractal dimension in the process of rail transit construction.In order to study the self-affine characteristics of rail passenger flow,the power spectrum analysis method is used to calculate the self-affine record dimension.Taking Suzhou rail transit as an example,it is found that the all-day change trend of passenger flow can be quantitatively analyzed by fractal dimension.The power spectrum analysis method is used to solve the self-affine recording dimension at different time periods one by one,and it is found that the spatial attenuation rate of passenger flow in the flat peak period is higher and the homogeneity is lower.The research results can provide theoretical guidance for further analyzing and optimizing the utilization efficiency and service capacity of rail transit.

关 键 词：轨道交通 分形特征 功率谱法 客流分布 自仿射分形 

分 类 号：F570[经济管理—产业经济]