准零刚度隔振座椅的理论与实验研究  

Theoretical and Experimental Research on Quasi-zero Stiffness Vibration Isolation Seats

作　　者：赵峰 吕善文 陈鹿民 崔晓康 李艳芹 冯桂珍[2] ZHAO Feng;LYU Shanwen;CHEN Lumin;CUI Xiaokang;LI Yanqin;FENG Guizhen(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450000,China;State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州轻工业大学机电工程学院,郑州450000 [2]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,石家庄050043

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2024年第1期44-51,共8页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12202405);河北省交通安全与控制实验室开放基金资助项目(JTKY2022004)。

摘　　要：针对车辆座椅的低频隔振问题,基于经典三弹簧准零刚度(Quasi-zero Stiffness,QZS)模型,建立座椅隔振实验模型,采用仿真和实验方法评价座椅模型的隔振性能。首先,对于三弹簧QZS模型,讨论参数对QZS的影响,获得QZS条件。其次,采用ADAMS仿真分析三弹簧QZS座椅模型,仿真和理论位移传递率具有较好的一致性。然后,制作三弹簧QZS座椅实验模型,通过静态实验调整实验模型获得QZS特性。最后,采用振动台对QZS座椅在1~10 Hz频率范围内开展大幅谐波位移激励隔振实验,同时采用Polytec激光测振仪分别获得振动台和座椅的位移响应,通过实验位移传递率评价QZS座椅隔振性能并验证理论分析正确性;相比对应的线性刚度隔振座椅,三弹簧QZS座椅具有较宽隔振频带和较小传递率。研究三弹簧QZS座椅的隔振性能可为后续可供实际工程应用的QZS座椅研究提供参考,同时也指出QZS座椅研究中存在的困难。In order to solve the problem of vibration isolation at low frequency in the field of car seats,a seat model is set up by using the classic three-spring quasi-zero stiffness(QZS)vibration isolator,and its performance of vibration isolation is evaluated via simulation and experiment methods.Firstly,the effects of parameters of the model on QZS are discussed and the QZS conditions are obtained for the model.Next,the QZS seat is established and simulated by ADAMS,and the theoretical and simulated displacement transmissibility is of better consistency.Then,a prototype of a three-spring QZS seat is fabricated,and its QZS feature is adjusted by static experiments.Finally,the QZS prototype is excited by using the vibration table under harmonic displacement excitations of large amplitudes in the frequency range of 1-10 Hz,and the Polytec laser vibrometer is used to measure the displacement responses of the vibration table and the seat.The vibration isolation performance of the QZS seat is evaluated through the experimental displacement transmisibility,and the correctness of the theoretical analysis is verified.Compared with the corresponding linear stiffness seat,the three-spring QZS seat has wider frequency range of vibration isolation and smaller transmissibility.This study provides an experience for studying practical application of QZS seats and also points out the difficulty in study of the QZS seats in the conclusion.

关 键 词：振动与波 准零刚度 斜弹簧 隔振器 座椅 位移传递率 

分 类 号：O328[理学—一般力学与力学基础]