优质强筋春小麦种质筛选及高分子量谷蛋白序列分析  

The Identification of Spring Wheat Germplasm for End-use Quality and Sequence Analysis of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits

作　　者：刘颖 刘泮旭 潘萍萍 张家宁 刘丹 袁卉馥[1] LIU Ying;LIU Panxu;PAN Pingping;ZHANG Jianing;LIU Dan;YUAN Huifu(Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000 China;Tianjin Zhongtiandadi Technology Company Limited,Tianjin 300384,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding,Tianjin Crop Research Institute,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300384,China;Hebei Normal University of Science&Technology,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院,河北张家口075000 [2]天津中天大地科技有限公司,天津300384 [3]天津市农业科学院农作物研究所/天津市农作物遗传育种重点实验室,天津300384 [4]河北科技师范学院,河北秦皇岛066000

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2024年第1期6-15,共10页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：“锡杂麦”小麦新品种栽培关键技术研发(XMZD202301)。

摘　　要：小麦是重要的口粮作物,加工品质的遗传改良是小麦育种的重要目标之一。为了丰富小麦加工品质育种的基因资源,本研究在收集的种质资源中筛选出农艺性状优良的SG-1、SG-2和SG-3,并对其进行加工品质分析和籽粒储藏蛋白组成分析,并评估它们在育种上的利用价值和方式,使用SDS-PAGE、A-PAGE、高分子量谷蛋白亚基编码基因测序、SDS沉降值分析等技术,对这些小麦品种的籽粒储藏蛋白亚基组成进行分析。研究发现,SG-1携带非优质的高分子量谷蛋白亚基Dx2+Dy12,而SG-2和SG-3携带优质的高分子量谷蛋白亚基Dx5+Dy10。在醇溶蛋白方面,3份资源都检测到了γ-1型醇溶蛋白,但只有SG-3检测到了γ-2型醇溶蛋白。加工品质分析显示,SG-1的加工品质优于天津推广的优质强筋春小麦品种津强6号。高分子量谷蛋白亚基序列分析发现,SG-1和SG-3在By8亚基存在序列变异,表明尽管它们在SDS-PAGE水平上亚基类型一致,但在DNA序列上仍然存在变异。本研究结果初步解释了携带优质亚基的小麦品种在加工品质上表现不佳的原因可能是DNA序列存在差异。同时,研究人员还发现携带非优质亚基但具有优良加工品质的SG-1,说明SG-1可能存在其他能够提升小麦加工品质的机制。本研究拓宽了小麦加工品质育种的基因资源,并为加工品质形成机制的解析提供了新的资源和理论依据。Enhancing the end-use quality of wheat is a major goal in wheat breeding since wheat is an essential food crop.This study examined three accessions,SG-1,SG-2,and SG-3,which showed excellent agronomic traits among the collected germplasm resources,in order to improve the genetic resources for wheat end-use quality.The study investigated their the protein content of seeds stored for storage,end-use quality,ways of utilization and breeding values,end-used quality,and SDS-PAGE,A-PAGE,gene sequencing of genes encoding high molecular weight glutenin subunits,and SDS sedimentation value analysis were used to examine the composition of seed storage protein subunits in different wheat varieties.The results revealed that SG-1 carried the high molecular weight glutenin subunit Dx2+Dy12,whereas SG-2 and SG-3 carried the high molecular weight glutenin subunit Dx5+Dy10.In terms of gliadin,Gli-γ1 was found in all three varieties,however only Gli-γ2 was found in SG-3.The end-use of quality of SG-1 was found to be superior to that of Jinqiang 6,a wheat variety with good end-use quality.Sequence analysis of high molecular weight glutenin subunits identified variation in the By8 subunit of SG-1 and SG-3,indicating that although they shared identical subunits,there was still variation in the sequence.This variation in sequence could potentially explain the poorer performance in end-use quality observed in varieties carrying elite high-quality subunits.Interestingly,the researchers also noted that SG-1,despite carrying a non-premium subunit,exhibited elite end-use quality.This suggests the existence of alternate pathways by which SG-1 can improve wheat end-use quality.Overall,this study expands the genetic resources accessible for wheat end-use quality breeding while also providing new resources and a theoretical basis for studying the mechanism of wheat end-use quality improvement.

关 键 词：小麦 籽粒储藏蛋白 高分子量谷蛋白 醇溶蛋白 加工品质 

分 类 号：S326[农业科学—作物遗传育种]