探寻历史意义的中国进路  

On the Historical Significance of Chinese Approach

作　　者：陈赟[1,2] Chen Yun

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国现代思想文化研究所,上海200241 [2]浙江大学马一浮书院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《管子学刊》2024年第1期89-101,F0002,共14页GuanZi Journal

摘　　要：基督宗教的历史意识内蕴着一种基于时间与永恒保持恒久张力和间距的终末论结构,现代性意识将此结构转化为内在主义的历史过程。于是,单一线性机制的历史叙事构成西方历史理解的核心,其本质是将终末论的历史完成转换为历史过程中的终极完美,于是有了历史完成即历史终结的历史终结论,以及基于历史意义不能在历史内部得以解决的历史虚无主义病理。这种历史意识的自我转换在于将历史从开端与终结的限制中解放出来,面向由连续和断裂组构的无尽、开放的历史过程。中国思想正面这一开放历史过程,并不诉诸超越的绝对普遍性,而是探寻在历史内部理解历史中意义的可能性。具体而言,中国思想构建基于天经、地义、人情组构的具体的历史普遍性,以“天下归仁”转换西方的自由为本的历史进程叙事,以“和而不同”“多元一体”构建多元文明的共生秩序。同时,基于中国思想传统,可以发展出一种不同于希腊“人学真理”和以色列“救赎真理”的“中道真理”;中道的生存真理基于仁的横向原理和中的纵向原理,构建了中国的“精神性天下”的根基。The historical consciousness of Christian religion embodies an eschatological structure that maintains eternal tension and distance between time and eternity.Modern consciousness transforms this structure into an internalist historical process.Thus,the linear mechanism of historical narration constitutes the core of Western historical understanding,which essentially transforms the eschatological completion of history into the ultimate perfection within the historical process.This gives rise to the idea of historical completion as the termination of history,as well as the pathological nihilism of history that cannot be resolved within history itself.The self-transformation of this historical consciousness lies in liberating history from the constraints of its beginning and end,and embracing an endless,open historical process constructed by continuity and discontinuity.Chinese thought confronts this open historical process and seeks to understand the meaning of history within history itself,without resorting to transcendent absolute universality.Specifically,Chinese thought constructs a concrete historical universality based on the integration of the natural order,human sentiments,and the principles of virtue.It transforms the Western narrative of historical progress centered on freedom into“benevolence unifying the world”and establishes a pluralistic coexistence order through the principles of“harmony in diversity”and“unity in diversity”.At the same time,based on the Chinese intellectual tradition,the Chinese Approach can be developed that differs from the Greek“anthropological truth”and the Israelite“soteriological truth”.The Chinese Approach,based on the principles of benevolence as a horizontal principle and centrality as a vertical principle,establishes the foundation of China’s“spiritual world”.

关 键 词：文明论 历史意义 历史哲学 天下时代 生存真理 

分 类 号：B21[哲学宗教—中国哲学] K01[历史地理—历史学]