基于“体认观”的体育课程教学问题的本体论回应——与程志理的学术对话  

Ontological Response to Physical Education Teaching Problems Based on the"Bodily Knowing View"—Academic Dialogue with CHENG Zhili

作　　者：潘明[1] 焦素花 陈甜甜 PAN Ming;JIAO Suhua;CHEN Tiantian(School of Physical Education,Yangzhou Polytechnic College,Yangzhou 225009,China;College of Physical Education and Humanities,Nanjing Sports Institute,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州市职业大学体育学院,扬州225009 [2]南京体育学院体育教育与人文学院,南京210014

出　　处：《体育与科学》2024年第1期23-30,共8页Sports & Science

基　　金：江苏省教育厅“十三五”教育科学规划项目“基于‘身体知’研究的小学体育‘手段引导学习’教学模式的研究与实践”,项目号:JSSJY202104170。

摘　　要：本文通过学术对话的形式,深入讨论了程志理提出的“体认观”所根植的思想基础。同时,从动作技术这种默会知识的特性出发,讨论了运动行为志叙事作为体育学方法论的重要意义。特别是在体育课程教学方面,通过“身体感”认知的具体案例分析,为动作技术教学法提供了本体论思路。在对话录中,程志理着重解释了“身体感知觉”这一体育学研究的关键词,他指出“身体感”无法直接言说,而身体感言说其实是身体感知觉文化追忆的文本化表达。学术对话中得出的结论主要包括:现象学是“具身认知”产生的重要思想源泉,“身体知”是“具身认知”在动作技能学习领域的理论落实,强调的是“呈现”而不是概念;基于体育学学科独立性的体认观,强调体育学研究对象是人的运动行为,本体论层面的运动行为叙事更接近动作技术表达的事实与真相;动作技术学习是身体感建立的过程,“身体感知觉”为运动行为、身体感研究从模糊走向具体提供了文本化依据;体育教学游戏设计应基于身体感获得的身体场域,关注体育教学在学校教育中的课程意义,注重学生心智成长的“身体第一性”。Through academic discourse,this paper discusses the intellectual foundation of CHENG Zhili's"bodily knowing view"and explores the significance of narrative discourse in sports studies methodology,especially in the context of physical education cur-riculum,analyzing specific cases of"bodily awareness"cognition.The paper provides an ontological perspective on the teaching methodology of motor skills.CHENG Zhili,in the dialogue records,specifically elaborates on the key term in sports studies,"bodily perception",asserting that"bodily awareness"cannot be directly verbalized,and the verbal expression of bodily awareness is essen-tially the textualization of cultural memories related to bodily perception.The main conclusions include:Phenomenology is a signifi-cant intellectual source for the emergence of"embodied cognition"where"bodily knowledge"is the theoretical realization of"embod-ied cognition"in the field of motor skill learning,emphasizing presentation over conceptualization.Based on the independence of sports studies as a discipline,the embodied cognition perspective underscores that the research subject of sports studies is human mo-tor behavior.The ontological narrative of motor behavior is closer to the facts and truths expressed in motor skills.Learning motor skills is the establishment of bodily awareness,and"bodily perception"provides a textual basis for moving from vague to concrete in the study of motor behavior and bodily awareness.Game design in physical education teaching should be based on the bodily field acquired through bodily awareness,focusing on the curriculum significance of physical education in school education and emphasizing the"bodily primacy"in students'intellectual growth.

关 键 词：体认 身体感 具身认知 身体知 身体感知觉 身体场域 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]