章太炎进化观的历时性研究  

A Diachronical Study of Zhang Taiyan's View of Evolution

作　　者：张翊轩 Zhang Yixuan

机构地区：[1]北京大学哲学系,北京100871

出　　处：《新疆社会科学》2024年第1期21-33,164,共14页Social Sciences in Xinjiang

摘　　要：1903—1906年间,章太炎的进化观发生了鲜明的“断裂”,在《訄书》时期,章太炎认同达尔文、斯宾塞的进化论;至《俱分进化论》时期,他提出了善恶苦乐并进的俱分进化观,并把“俱分”进一步推扩为“文明”的定语;到《民报》时期,特别是在《齐物论释》中,批判线性进化观背后的理论根源逐步呈现出来,表达为“齐文野”的思想旨趣及对目的论文明观的深刻反思,对进化概念本身的批判实则是对诸如文明、进步等观念被用以将强权和暴力合理化、合法化、合目的性的危险的格外警惕,这是理解章太炎一以贯之之道的方便法门。Between 1903 and 1906,Zhang Taiyan's views on evolution underwent a sharp"break".During the period of Qiu Shu(《訄书》),Zhang Taiyan agreed with the evolutionary theories of Darwin and Spencer;during the period of Ju Fen Evolution(《俱分进化论》),he proposed the concept of evolution in which good,evil and bitterness evolved together.He further expanded the concept of "Ju Fen" to understand civilization.In the period of Min Bao,especially in The Explanation of on Leveling All Things,the theoretical roots behind the critique of Evolution gradually emerge.This is expressed in the ideological interest in seeing Wen and Ye as identical,and in a profound reflection on the teleological view of civilisation.His critique of the concept of evolution itself is in fact extraordinarily alert to tht danger of ideas such as civilization and progress being used to rationalize,legitimize power and violence.This is the way to understand Zhang Taiyan's lifelong theoretical pursuit.

关 键 词：章太炎 断裂 《俱分进化论》 齐文野 目的论 

分 类 号：B259.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]