临床培训中的制度与文化:兼论医疗职业的医学人类学研究  

Institution and Culture in Clinical Training:A Discussion on the Medical Anthropological Study of the Medical Profession

作　　者：符隆文 程瑜[1,2,3] Fu Longwen;Cheng Yu(The Seventh Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Shenzhen 518107,China;School of Medicine,Sun Yat-sen University,Shenzhen 518107,China;School of Sociology and Anthropology,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 528406,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第七医院,广东深圳518107 [2]中山大学医学院,广东深圳518107 [3]中山大学社会学与人类学学院,广东广州528406

出　　处：《西北民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第6期70-81,共12页Journal of Northwest Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划青年项目“安宁疗护中的情感劳动实践及其形成机制研究”(项目编号:GD22YSH02)。

摘　　要：国内有关医疗职业的医学人类学研究尚在起步阶段。本文基于民族志材料,以住院医师规范化培训为例,分析临床培训中的制度与文化如何塑造规培医生的职业能力和临床工作。研究表明,规培医生及其临床培训同时受到规范化培训的“正式课程”以及组织文化和职业文化构成的“隐性课程”影响。分析制度规范之“同”与文化实践之“异”的共同作用与交互影响,是理解中国医生职业社会化的关键。文章在此基础上讨论了医学人类学研究生物医学职业群体的作用与价值。加强医学人类学与临床医学的跨学科研究合作,有助于反思生物医学的文化属性,为改善医疗服务提供更多研究启示。Medical anthropological research on the medical profession in China is still in its infancy.Based on ethnographic data,this article takes standardized residency training as an example to analyze how institution and culture shape doctors'professional competency and clinical work.The study shows that resident doctors and their training are influenced by both the“formal curriculum”of standardized training and the“hidden curriculum”of organizational and professional culture.Analyzing the interaction between the“similarities”of institutional norms and the“differences”of cultural practices is the key to understanding the professional socialization of doctors in China.On this basis,the article discusses the role and value of medical anthropology in studying biomedical professional groups.Strengthening interdisciplinary research collaboration between medical anthropology and clinical medicine can help reflect on the cultural features of biomedicine and provide more research insights for improving healthcare.

关 键 词：文化 医学人类学 医疗职业 住院医师 医学教育 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]