中国人对西沙群岛历史认知与风力、潮流、海浪作用下的变迁研究  

Chinese Historical Perceptions of the Xisha Islands and Study of Changes under theAction of Wind, Tides, and Waves

作　　者：阎根齐[1] 吴昊 Yan Genqi;Wu Hao(State Ethnic Affairs Commission's Research Base for Chinese Nationalities,Hainan University,Haikou 570100,China;School of Law,Hainan University,Haikou 570100,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学国家民委中华民族共同体研究基地,海口570100 [2]海南大学法学院,海口570100

出　　处：《热带地理》2024年第2期258-268,共11页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA187)。

摘　　要：通过研究西沙群岛的历史认识和地理环境演变,强调了地理特征和稳定性的重要性,以及风力、潮流和海浪对其造成的影响。研究表明:1)中国人至迟在汉代对“岛”和“沙洲”就有了较为理性的认知,岛屿的形成具有悠久的历史,形成于4000年以上,地势相对较高,不易被海水淹没。相反,沙洲是相对年轻的地貌,其地势较低,容易受到自然因素的影响。2)风力、潮流和巨浪对西沙群岛地貌的变化有重要影响。风力和巨浪堆积沙洲,但同时也能导致其消失在海平面以下。潮流的周期性变化也对这些岛屿和沙洲的稳定性产生重要影响。这些变迁不仅是地貌的动态展现,也与海洋生物数量下降趋势密切相关。综合分析表明,岛和沙洲在地理特征和稳定性上存在明显差异。西沙群岛地貌的变迁是自然因素与人类活动交互作用的结果。文章有助于更好地了解西沙群岛的演化过程,以及保护和改善这一地区的生态环境方面的实际需求。This study provides an in-depth understanding of the islands and sandbars within the Xisha Islands,located in the South China Sea,with the aim of distinguishing them based on different geological,ecological,and historical features.The changes in the marine ecosystem and the conservation measures taken to maintain the rich biodiversity of the archipelago are also explored.The main objective of this study was to differentiate islands and sandbars based on geological,ecological,and historical criteria and to examine the period of formation,geological features,and altitudinal characteristics of these terrains.The dynamic characteristics of sandbars were explored as the basis of island formation by focusing on their sensitivity to external environmental factors and assessing the presence of vegetation and human activities.The overall implications of these findings for marine life and conservation efforts on the Paracel Islands were analyzed.To achieve these objectives,geological investigations,historical documentation,and ecological assessments were combined.Key methods included geochronological analysis to date the formation of the islands and sandbars,assessment of elevation and geological composition to analyze the vegetation cover on these terrains,and a review of the historical documentary record to gain insights into human activities and investigate the marine ecosystem and its biodiversity.The geological studies revealed that islands are usually formed over a long period of time(approximately 4,000 years or more)and above the water surface,with beach rocks formed around them and a large amount of coral detritus accumulating on the embankment,which in turn forms a sand dike encompassing the dyke and the coastline.This protects the embankment and coastline,making the island expand in size,increase in elevation slowly and become more stable,and the landscape less susceptible to deformation.In contrast,sandbars are relatively young(within the last 3,000 years)and low in elevation,are often inundated at high tides,a

关 键 词：环境演变 自然影响 历史认知 西沙群岛 

分 类 号：K90[历史地理—人文地理学]