时间信息的贝叶斯优化知觉  

Bayes-Optimal Perception of Temporal Information

作　　者：陈有国 彭春花[3] 刘培朵[1,2] 余婕 Chen Youguo;Peng Chunhua;Liu Peiduo;Yu Jie(Time Psychology Research Center,Faculty of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715;Center of Studies for Psychology and Social Development,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emotion and Mental Health,Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences,Chongqing,402160)

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学部时间心理学研究中心,重庆400715 [2]西南大学心理学与社会发展研究中心,重庆400715 [3]重庆文理学院重庆市情绪与心理健康重点实验室,重庆402160

出　　处：《心理科学》2024年第1期11-20,共10页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJC190002);重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0758)的资助。

摘　　要：大脑运用贝叶斯推理加工时间信息形成优化知觉。贝叶斯模型在趋中效应、多源时间信息整合、时空干扰效应以及同时性的贝叶斯校准这四个课题上取得了较大的进展。本文在测量-估计-决策三阶段模型的框架下,对以上课题中的贝叶斯模型进行分析。未来需检验不同形式的时间信息先验的合理性,厘清似然性的心理表征,探明时间信息贝叶斯估计的神经基础。应该结合时间信息加工模型与贝叶斯模型的优势,为时间信息加工的认知神经机制研究提供新的思路。The Bayesian theory is widely used in cognitive science.Previous studies have proven that Bayesian inferences cause many illusions in temporal cognition.From the perspective of Bayesian inference,we analyzed the processing mechanism of the central tendency effect,integration of multisource temporal information,spatiotemporal interference effect,and Bayesian calibration of simultaneity.This study has crucial implications for research on temporal information processing;additionally,it helps other researchers in cognitive science to understand the basic methods of modeling mental processes using the Bayesian theory.Temporal information processing is reinterpreted using a Bayesian model.The clock,reference memory,working memory,and decisionmaking in the temporal information processing model were analogized with the likelihood,prior,posterior,and loss functions of Bayesian inference.The central tendency effect is known as the Vierordt’s law,in which participants underestimate long time intervals and overestimate short time intervals in various time intervals.A three-stage Bayesian model is constructed to explain the mechanism of the central tendency effect.In daily life,the integration of multiple sources of temporal information is necessary.The maximum likelihood estimation model proposes that the brain uses Bayes’rule to integrate temporal information from different sources,reducing uncertainty and increasing estimation reliability.The causal inference model uses a hierarchical Bayesian model to determine whether different temporal information originate from the same source or different sources.The spatiotemporal interference effect involves the mutual interference between spatial and temporal information,among which the Kappa effect has significantly progressed.The Kappa effect is a spatiotemporal illusion in which the irrelevant distance between the stimuli systematically distorts the perception of elapsed time between sensory stimuli.An algebraic model assumes that the perceived interstimulus time is a weight

关 键 词：时间信息 贝叶斯推理 趋中效应 时间信息整合 时空干扰效应 同时性的贝叶斯校准 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]