雪茄茄芯和茄衣烟叶不同区段化学成分和品质差异性分析  

Analysis of Chemical Composition and Quality Difference in Different Sections of Cigar Filler and Wrapper Leaves

作　　者：李晶晶 荣仕宾 秦艳青[3] 周骏[4] 曾代龙 钟秋 赵园园 刘德水 张瑞娜 史宏志[1] LI Jingjing;RONG Shibin;QIN Yanqing;ZHOU Jun;ZENG Dailong;ZHONG Qiu;ZHAO Yuanyuan;LIU Deshui;ZHANG Ruina;SHI Hongzhi(Tobacco College of Henan Agricultural University/Tobacco Harm Reduction Research Center,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Xiangcheng County Branch of Xuchang Company,Henan Tobacco Company,Xiangcheng 461700,China;Sichuan Tobacco Company,Chengdu 600041,China;Beijing Cigarette Factory,Shanghai Tobacco Group,Beijing 100024,China;The Great Wall Cigar Factory of Sichuan Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shifang 618400,China;Deyang Tobacco Company of Sichuan Province,Deyang 618000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院/烟草农业减害研究中心,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省烟草公司许昌市公司襄城县分公司,河南襄城461700 [3]四川省烟草公司,四川成都600041 [4]上海烟草集团北京卷烟厂,北京100024 [5]四川中烟工业有限责任公司长城雪茄烟厂,四川什邡618400 [6]四川省烟草公司德阳市公司,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2024年第1期62-69,共8页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省烟草公司科技项目(SCYC201915,SCYC202124)。

摘　　要：为明确雪茄烟叶不同区段的品质差异,以雪茄品种德雪1号发酵后分拣出的一等茄衣和茄芯烟叶为材料,对叶基至叶尖5个不同区段的常规化学成分、中性香气成分、烟草特有亚硝胺(TSNAs)及前体物含量进行测定,并进行感官评吸鉴定。结果表明,雪茄烟叶不同区段化学成分差异显著,还原糖、总糖含量在叶尖和近叶尖区段相对较高,总氮和蛋白质含量在近叶基区段较高,烟碱含量自叶基到叶尖先升高后降低。茄芯、茄衣烟叶的中性香气成分含量从叶基至叶尖均先增加后减少,其中茄芯烟叶在叶中区段最高,茄衣在近叶基区段最高。2种类型雪茄烟叶的TSNAs含量从叶基至叶尖均持续下降,但降幅不同,茄芯、茄衣烟叶叶尖较叶基分别下降68.25%、30.19%。除刺激性外,2种烟叶的6项感官质量指标得分及总分从叶基至叶尖均表现为先升高后降低,以叶中和近叶尖区段较优。综上,雪茄烟叶以叶中和近叶尖区段香气浓郁,有害成分低,评吸质量较好。In order to explore the quality difference of different sections of cigar leaves,the first grade cigar filler and wrapper leaves sorted out after the fermentation of cigar variety Dexue No.1 were used as materials to detect and analyze the conventional chemical composition,neutral aroma composition,tobacco⁃specific nitrosamines(TSNAs)and precursors content in five different sections from the leaf base to the tip.The results showed that,there were significant differences in chemical composition between different sections of cigar tobacco leaves.The contents of reducing sugar and total sugar were relatively higher in the leaf tip and near the leaf tip sections.The contents of total nitrogen and protein were higher near the leaf base,and the nicotine content first increased and then decreased from the leaf base to the leaf tip.The content of neutral aroma components of cigar filler and wrapper leaves increased from the leaf base to the tip and then decreased,cigar filler in the middle of the leaf was the highest,while wrapper was the highest in the near-base part.The TSNAs content of two types of cigar leaves from leaf base to the tip decreased continuously,but the decline range was different.The leaf tip of cigar filler was 68.25% lower than that of the leaf base,and the wrapper decreased by 30.19%.In addition,the sensory quality of the two types of cigar leaves increased first and then decreased from leaf base to the tip,with the quality of the middle and near-tip parts being better.In summary,the middle and near-tip parts of cigar tobacco leaves have strong aroma,low harmful components,and better smoking quality.

关 键 词：雪茄 茄芯 茄衣 烟叶 不同区段 化学成分 中性致香成分 烟草特有亚硝胺 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]