二语语用习得中情境专用语的界定方式和分类标准  

The Definition Mode and Classification Criteria of Situation-bound Utterances in Second Language Pragmatic Acquisition

作　　者：丁安琪 储玥 DING An-qi;CHU Yue(School of International Chinese Studies,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学国际汉语文化学院,上海200062

出　　处：《海南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期93-100,共8页Journal of Hainan Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国际中文教育研究中外联合专项课题“汉语情境专用语教学研究”(22YH35ZW);国际中文教育基地项目“基于语合智慧教室的中文教学模式创新与实践”(23YHJD1021)。

摘　　要：公式化语言能力是二语学习者掌握目标语的核心能力之一。Istvan Kecskes提出情境专用语(situation-bound utterances)作为公式化语言中的一类,由于其文化特定性和高度的情境关联度,成为了交互文化语用学领域的重要研究对象。目前国外针对二语习得中英语情境专用语相关问题的研究已经取得了一定的进展,但国内对于汉语情境专用语的相关探讨还不够充分,就其操作层面的界定方式与分类标准尚未达成共识。现以情境专用语理论研究成果为基础,从语用、语形和语义三个层面探讨了仍存在分歧的相关问题:语用上,需明确情境与功能之间复杂且灵活的关系是汉语情境专用语的基本特征;语言形式上,情境专用语须为多词结构,能够独立成句,且可以具有形式变体;语义上,应将情境专用语区别于汉语中的惯用语和谚语,但与成语有一定的交叉,同时,汉语情境专用语可以根据语义透明度和凸显语义不同划分为三类。Formulaic language ability is one of the core abilities for second language learners to master the tar⁃get language.Istvan Kecskes proposed situation-bound utterances as a type of formulaic language,which has be⁃come an important research object in the field of interactive cultural pragmatics due to its cultural specificity and high contextual relevance.At present,some progress has been made in the study of relevant issues of English situation-bound uetterances in SLA in foreign countries,but the relevant exploration of Chinese situation-bound ut⁃terances in China is insufficient,and no consensus has been reached on the definition and classification standards of their operational level.Based on the research results of the situation-bound utterance theory,this paper probes into related issues still divergent in terms of pragmatics,morphology,and semantics:pragmatically,it is necessary to clarify that the complex and flexible relationship between context and function is a fundamental feature of Chinese situation-bound utterances;while in terms of language forms,situation-bound utterances must have a multi-word structure,be able to form independent sentences,and can have formal variants;and semantically,situation-bound utterances should be distinguished from idioms and proverbs in Chinese,but they enjoy a certain degree of intersec⁃tion with idioms.Meanwhile,Chinese situation-bound utterances can be divided into three categories based on se⁃mantic transparency and prominence.

关 键 词：情境专用语 语用习得 情境性 语义透明度 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]