椴木银耳、普通银耳和本草银耳子实体蛋白质营养价值评价比较  

Comparison of Nutritional Value of Protein in the Fruiting Bodies of Basswood T.fuciformis,Common T.fuciformis and Materia Medica T.fuciformis

作　　者：黄玉琴 HUANG Yuqin(Ningde Testing Center for Food and Drug Control,Ningde 352100,China)

机构地区：[1]宁德市食品药品检验检测中心,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《食品安全导刊》2023年第35期130-135,共6页China Food Safety Magazine

摘　　要：以椴木银耳、普通银耳和本草银耳为实验材料,对其进行氨基酸组成的测定和蛋白质营养价值评价。结果显示,本草银耳粗多糖含量为42.58%,高于普通银耳(40.21%)和椴木银耳(38.37%);粗蛋白质含量为11.29%,低于普通银耳(12.01%),高于椴木银耳(9.89%);粗脂肪含量为1.32%,低于椴木银耳(1.51%)和普通银耳(2.73%);氨基酸总量为7.21 g/100 g,高于普通银耳(6.89 g/100 g)和椴木银耳(5.84 g/100 g)。研究发现本草银耳的氨基酸评分(Amino Acid Score,AAS)、化学评分(Chemical Score,CS)、必需氨基酸指数(Essential Aamino Acid Index,EAAI)、生物价(Biological Value,BV)、营养指数(Nutritional Index,NI)及氨基酸相对比值(Essential Amino AcidRelativeRatio,EAARR)均为最高;普通银耳的氨基酸比值系数分(Score of Ratio Coefficient of Amino Acid,SRCAA)高于本草银耳和椴木银耳。不同银耳的第一限制性氨基酸均为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸。经模糊识别法得出,本草银耳与全鸡蛋白贴近度为0.79,高于椴木银耳和普通银耳的0.77。本草银耳的蛋白质含量高,脂肪含量低,富含多种氨基酸和矿物质元素,营养价值较高。Using basswood T.fuciformis,common T.fuciformis and materia medica T.fuciformis as experimental materials,the amino acid composition and protein nutritional value were determined.The results showed that the crude polysaccharide content of materia medica T.fuciformis was 42.58%,which was higher than that of common T.fuciformis(40.21%) and basswood T.fuciformis(38.37%).The content of crude protein was 11.29%,which was lower than common T.fuciformis 12.01% and higher than basswood T.fuciformis 9.89%.The crude fat content was 1.32%,lower than basswood T.fuciformis(1.51%) and common T.fuciformis(2.73%).the total amino acid content was 7.21 g/100 g,which was higher than common T.fuciformis(6.89 g/100 g) and basswood T.fuciformis.(5.84 g/100 g).Research has found that the amino acid score(AAS),chemical score(CS),essential amino acid index(EAAI),biological value(BV),nutritional index(NI) and essential amino acid relative ratio(EAARR) of materia medica T.fuciformis were the highest.For the score of ratio coefficient of amino acid(SRCAA),common T.fuciformis was higher than that of materia medica T.fuciformis and basswood T.fuciformis.The first limiting amino acid of different T.fuciformis were methionine and cystine.According to the fuzzy identification method,the close degree between materia medica T.fuciformis and egg protein was 0.79,which is higher than the 0.77 of basswood T.fuciformis and common T.fuciformis.Materia medica T.fuciformis has high protein content,low fat content,rich in a variety of amino acids and mineral elements,with high nutritional value.

关 键 词：银耳 蛋白质 氨基酸 营养价值 

分 类 号：TS219[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]