不同种植方式大米中碳氮同位素比率与矿质元素特征及加工影响  

Characteristics of carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios and mineral elements in rice under different cultivation and effects of processing

作　　者：刘亦鸣 李春霖 张卫星[4] 聂晶 张永志[2,3] 许凤 袁玉伟[2,3] LIU Yiming;LI Chunlin;ZHANG Weixing;NIE Jing;ZHANG Yongzhi;XU Feng;YUAN Yuwei(School of Food and Pharmacy,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Institute of Quality Safety and Nutrition of Agricultural Products,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products,Ministry of Agriculture,Hangzhou 310021,China;China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 310006,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学食品与药学学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,浙江杭州310021 [3]农业农村部农产品信息溯源重点实验室,浙江杭州310021 [4]中国水稻研究所,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2024年第4期178-183,共6页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：浙江省基础公益研究计划(LGJ20C200003);国际原子能机构协调研究项目(23322);浙江省农业科学院产地溯源学科建设财政专项(2022)。

摘　　要：为探究不同种植方式大米稳定同位素特征指标与矿质元素差异,该研究利用元素分析-同位素质谱仪和电感耦合等离子体质谱仪分析,研究有机、绿色和常规种植方式下糙米与精米δ^(13)C、δ^(15)N与11种矿质元素变化。结果表明,精米δ^(13)C、δ^(15)N分布分别为-27.7‰~-26.9‰和3.7‰~4.9‰,糙米δ^(13)C、δ^(15)N分布分别为-27.8‰~-26.9‰和3.4‰~4.7‰。精米δ^(13)C在有机和绿色栽培下差异显著,δ^(15)N在绿色与常规栽培下差异显著,Na、Mg、K、Mo元素存在显著性差异;糙米δ^(13)C和δ^(15)N在各栽培条件下均无显著差异,K、Mn元素存在显著性差异。糙米加工成精米后,有机大米中矿质元素减少42%,绿色大米矿质元素损失40%,常规大米矿质元素下降54%。精米比糙米可以更好地反映稳定同位素特征,常规栽培下糙米矿质元素含量最高,绿色栽培下精米矿质元素含量最高。不同种植方式和加工制备影响大米中δ^(13)C、δ^(15)N、矿质元素含量,该研究为科学评价大米中矿质元素含量和指导消费提供科学依据。This study aimed to explore the stable isotope characteristic indication and mineral element difference in rice with different cultivation and the effects of processing.This study used elemental analysis-isotope mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to research the changes ofδ^(13) C,δ^(15) N,and 11 mineral elements in brown and polished rice under organic,green,and conventional cultivation and the effects of processing.Results showed that theδ^(13) C andδ^(15) N of polished rice ranged from-27.7‰to-26.9‰and 3.7‰to 4.9‰,and from-27.8‰to-26.9‰and 3.4‰to 4.7‰for brown rice.Theδ^(13) C of milled rice was significantly different between organic and green cultivation,and theδ^(15) N of milled rice was significantly different between green and conventional cultivation.There were significant differences in Na,Mg,K,and Mo elements.There was no significant difference inδ^(13) C andδ^(15) N of brown rice under different cultivation conditions,but there were significant differences in K and Mn.When brown rice was processed into white rice,mineral elements in organic rice were reduced by 42%,mineral elements in green rice were lost by 40%,and mineral elements in conventional rice were reduced by 54%.White rice could better reflect the characteristics of stable isotopes than brown rice.Under conventional cultivation,brown rice had the highest content of mineral elements,while under green cultivation,white rice had the highest content of mineral elements.The contents ofδ^(13) C,δ^(15) N,and mineral elements in rice were affected by different planting methods and processing.This study provides a scientific basis for the scientific evaluation of the mineral elements in rice and guides the consumption of rice.

关 键 词：种植方式 糙米 精米 稳定同位素 矿质元素 

分 类 号：TS210.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]