工科本科生数字能力生成路径研究——基于研究型大学制造类专业的fsQCA组态分析  

Research on the Generation Path of Digital Competence for Engineering Undergraduates:Configuration Analysis of Manufacturing Majors in Research Universities Based on fsQCA

作　　者：陶金虎 郄海霞 王世斌 TAO Jinhu;QIE Haixia;WANG Shibin(Tsinghua University,Bejing 100084;Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350)

机构地区：[1]清华大学教育研究院、联合国教科文组织国际工程教育中心,北京100084 [2]天津大学教育学院,天津300350 [3]天津大学教务处,天津300350

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2024年第2期8-15,共8页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：教育部第二批新工科研究与实践项目“跨学科创新型新工科教育组织模式研究与实践”(E-DXKJC202000510)的研究成果。

摘　　要：高水平数字能力是工程人才核心竞争力提升的关键。以自我决定理论、个人-环境匹配理论为指导,基于fsQCA模型分析了1801名学生数字能力生成路径。结果显示,高水平数字能力包括“角色压力-个体参与、工作要求-资源支持、复合条件协同、自我诱发驱动”四条生成路径,低水平数字能力包括“压力回避-自我冲突、压力束缚-资源抑制、感知脱敏-被动适应”三条生成路径。工具资源或教师要求投入是数字能力高水平发展的关键,内外部关键因素失调致使数字能力低水平发展,多元组态构型催发类个性化的管理模式,数字能力动态转向的核心是“扬长补短”。未来要依据个体数字能力生成路径,确保核心要素供给,平衡内外部关键因素建设,切实提供多元化发展通道。The key to enhancing the core competitiveness of engineering talents is to possess high-level digital competence.Guided by self-determination theory,person-environment fit theory,and based on fsQCA model,the digital competence generation pathway of 1801 students was analyzed.The results show that high-level digital competence includes four generative pathways:“role pressure-individual participation,job requirements-resource support,compound conditional collaboration,and self-induced driving”,while low-level digital competence includes three generative pathways:“pressure avoidance-self conflict,pressure constraint-resource inhibition,and sensory desensitization-passive adaptation”.Tool resources or teacher requirements is the key to the high-level development of digital competence.The imbalance of internal and external key factors drives the low-level digital competence.The diversified configuration promotes multiple personalized management mode,and the core of digital competence dynamic transformation is to enhance strengths and supplement weaknesses.It is necessary to generate paths based on individual digital competence,ensure the supply of core elements,balance the construction of internal and external key factors,and effectively provide diverse development channels.

关 键 词：数字能力 生成 研究型大学 制造类专业 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] TH16-4[文化科学—教育学]