上海市嘉定区学生午餐营养素供应情况及满意度因素分析  

Analysis of nutrient supply and satisfaction factors for lunch among students in Jiading District, Shanghai

作　　者：董玉婷[1] 彭慧[1] 彭谦[1] 鲍勇[2,3] DONG Yuting;PENG Hui;PENG Qian;BAO Yong(Shanghai Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201899,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]上海市嘉定区疾病预防控制中心,上海201899 [2]上海交通大学行业研究院,上海200030 [3]上海交大健康传播发展中心,上海200030

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2024年第1期158-162,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：上海市嘉定区自然科学研究项目(JDKW-2020-0046)。

摘　　要：目的 了解嘉定区学生午餐营养素供应及满意度情况,为改进学生午餐质量、改善学生营养状况提供科学依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,于2021年在嘉定区7家学生午餐供餐企业中各随机抽取一所服务学校,对770名4~12年级学生及其家长开展学校午餐的问卷调查。采用查账法结合学生午餐食谱,对供餐企业提供的学校午餐进行营养素供应情况调查分析。结果 学生对学校午餐满意率顺位由高到低依次为开餐时间84.7%(652/770)、饭菜冷热76.8%(591/770)、量72.1%(555/770)、色71.2%(548/770)、香69.5%(535/770)、形69.2%(533/770)、味64.4%(496/770)。家长对各因素满意率顺位由高到低依次为量92.4%(705/763)、开餐时间87.5%(668/763)、营养搭配84.8%(647/763)、午餐价格79.6%(607/763)、孩子体重62.4%(476/763)。学校午餐碳水化合物及钙的供应低于推荐值,蛋白质及脂肪的供应超出推荐值。结论 嘉定区学生午餐中能量和主要营养素能满足日常需求,部分营养素未达到推荐值,建议加强营养卫生宣教工作,引导学生建立平衡膳食理念,增加谷物、奶类食用,减少高脂肪食物摄入,促进健康成长。Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the nutrient supply of students'lunch in Jiading District and the satisfaction of primary and secondary school students and parents with school lunch,in order to provide scientific basis for improving the quality of nutritional lunch for primary and secondary school students and improving their nutrition.Methods Using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method,a satisfaction survey was conducted on 770 primary and secondary school students from grades 4 to 12 and their parents at a service school randomly selected from each of the 7 school lunch catering enterprises in Jiading District in 2021.A survey and analysis were conducted on the nutrient supply of school lunches provided by catering enterprises using the method of auditing accounts combined with students'lunch recipes.Results The satisfaction rate of students with school lunch ranked from high to low as follows:opening time 84.7%(652/770),hot and cold food 76.8%(591/770),quantity 72.1%(555/770),color 71.2%(548/770),aroma 69.5%(535/770),shape 69.2%(533/770),and taste 64.4%(496/770).The satisfaction rate of parents with various factors ranked in descending order from high to low is quantity 92.4%(705/763),meal time 87.5%(668/763),nutrition matching 84.8%(647/763),lunch price 79.6%(607/763),and child weight 62.4%(476/763).The supply of carbohydrates and calcium for school lunches is lower than the recommended value.The supply of protein and fat exceeds the recommended value.Conclusion The energy and main nutrients in students'lunch in Jiading District can meet their daily needs,but some energy nutrients do not reach the recommended value.It is suggested to strengthen the nutrition and health education for students,work with parents to guide students to establish the concept of reasonable nutrition and balanced diet,develop good eating habits,and increase the intake of milk and grains,reduce the intake of high-fat foods such as fried foods and promote healthy growth of students.

关 键 词：学生 学校午餐 影响因素 营养素 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]