我国城市中小学生家长教育焦虑生成与维持机制的质性研究  

A Qualitative Study on the Generation and Maintenance Mechanism of Parents’Educational Anxiety in Chinese Urban Primary and Secondary Schools

作　　者：邓林园[1] 唐逸文 王婧怡 李蓓蕾[1] DENG Linyuan;TANG Yiwen;WANG Jingyi;LI Beilei(Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《教育学报》2024年第1期159-173,共15页Journal of Educational Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究重大项目“家校合作对学生核心素养的影响及其干预研究”(22JJD19002);北京市教委社科计划重点项目“小学生家长教育焦虑的结构、影响因素及干预研究”(SZ202111626024)。

摘　　要：采用程序化扎根理论的策略分析了20位城市中小学生家长的访谈资料,构建了我国城市中小学生家长教育焦虑生成与维持的机制模型。研究表明教育焦虑的产生是一个动态过程,影响我国城市中小学生家长教育焦虑的因素包括认知因素(期望评估与教育效能感)、环境因素(教育体制、社会环境、同辈影响、学校环境、家庭氛围)、历时因素(个人经历与社会变迁)与行为反馈因素(积极反馈与消极反馈)。其中认知、环境与行为反馈因素对家长教育焦虑有直接影响,环境、历时与行为反馈因素会通过影响家长个体的认知因素影响其焦虑程度,而认知因素又调节了环境和行为反馈因素对教育焦虑的影响。因此,建议从改变家长认知、创设良好教育氛围和制度环境等方面缓解家长过高的教育焦虑情绪。Adopting the strategy of procedural grounded theory to analyze the interviewing data of 20 urban primary and secondary school parents,this study generated the mechanism model of the generation and maintenance of educational anxiety of parents from Chinese urban primary and secondary school,which indicates that the generation of educational anxiety is a dynamic process of flow rather than static.Specifically,the factors that affect parental education anxiety of urban primary and secondary schools include cognitive factors(expectation evaluation and educational efficacy),environmental factors(educational system,social environment,peer influence,school environment,family atmosphere),diachronic factors(personal experience and social change)and behavioral feedback factors.Among them,cognitive,environmental and behavioral feedback factors have direct impacts on parental educational anxiety,while environmental,diachronic and behavioral feedback factors will affect the degree of educational anxiety by influencing individuals’cognitive factors.What’s more,cognitive factors play the moderating role in the relationship between environmental factors and parental educational anxiety,and also between behavioral feedback factors and parental educational anxiety.Based on this model,parents’excessive education anxiety could be alleviated from the paths of improving parents’cognition ability,creating a healthier educational atmosphere,and improving the vocational education system.

关 键 词：城市中小学生 家长教育焦虑 生成与维持机制 质性研究 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学]