发展性心理健康教育对农村初中生心理健康影响的实验研究  

Effect of developmental mental health education on mental health among junior middle school students in rural areas:an experimental study

作　　者：王梦柯 袁晓琳[1] WANG Meng-ke;YUAN Xiao-lin(Institute of Psychology,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,China)

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学心理学院,海南海口571158

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2023年第12期1125-1130,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：海南省教育科学“十三五”规划课题“农村初中生发展性心理健康教育的实践研究”(QJY20201001)。

摘　　要：目的探讨基于心理健康教育课程、发展性团体心理辅导、心理健康教育活动3种形式的发展性心理健康教育对农村初中生心理健康的影响。方法采取整群随机抽样的方法,于2021年6月在海南省陵水黎族自治县文罗镇和隆广镇随机选取610名中学生,随机分为观察组和对照组(每组305人)。观察组采用心理健康教育课程、发展性团体心理辅导、心理健康教育活动3种形式的发展性心理健康教育措施,开展为期35 d的干预;对照组不接受任何心理辅导及相关课程的学习。使用《中学生心理健康量表》对两组学生的基线和终末的心理健康情况进行测量,并采用χ^(2)检验和t检验分析比较两组学生心理健康状况。结果基线调查中有33.8%和4.4%的学生分别存在轻度和中度心理健康问题。单因素分析结果显示干预后,七年级学生抑郁(t=0.308)、适应不良(t=1.092)维度的得分,八年级学生敌对(t=0.788)、焦虑(t=0.632)维度的得分,九年级学生焦虑(t=0.825)、学习压力(t=0.128)、情绪不稳定(t=0.697)维度的得分,组间比较差异均具有统计学意义(P均<0.021)。干预前后比较发现,观察组干预效果优于对照组,观察组农村初中生心理健康总均分从(1.99±0.52)分下降到(1.92±0.51)分,差异具有统计学意义(t=1.413,P=0.049);对照组从(1.98±0.55)分下降(1.94±0.48)分,差异不具有统计学意义。结论采用基于心理健康教育课程、发展性团体心理辅导、心理健康教育活动3种形式的发展性心理健康教育,可以有效改善初中生的心理健康状况,提高其心理健康指数。Objective To explore and analyze the effect of developmental mental health education based on three forms of mental health education curriculum,developmental group psychological counseling and mental health education activities on mental health of rural junior high school students.Methods A total of 610 middle school students were randomly selected from Wenluo Town and Longguang Town,and Lingshui Li Autonomous County in Hainan Province in June 2021,and randomly divided into observation group and control group(305 students in each group).The observation group adopted three developmental mental health education measures,including mental health education course,developmental group psychological counseling and mental health education activities,and the interventionactivities were carried out for 35 days.The control group did not receive any psychological counseling and related courses.The baseline and final mental health of the two groups of students were measured by using the Mental Health Scale for Middle School Students,and theχ^(2)-test and t-test were used to analyze and compare the mental health of the two groups of students.Results At baseline,33.8 percent and 4.4 percent of students had mild and moderate mental health problems.Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in depression(t=0.308)and maladjustment(t=1.092)among 7th grade studentsafter intervention.There were significant differences in the scores of hostility(t=0.788)and anxiety(t=0.632)among eighth grade students.The scores of anxiety(t=0.825),learning pressure(t=0.128)and emotional instability(t=0.697)among the ninth grade students were statistically significant(P all<0.021).After the intervention,it was found that the intervention effect of observation group was better than that of control group,and the total mean score of mental health in rural middle school students in observation group decreased from(1.99±0.52)points to(1.92±0.51)points,with statistical significance(t=1.413,P=0.049).The control group de

关 键 词：发展性心理健康教育 农村初中生 心理干预 心理健康现状 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]