简历分析法:一种教育实证研究新方法  

Curriculum Vitae Analysis:A New Approach to Empirical Research in Education

作　　者：刘进 于宜田 杨莉 林松月 李志峰[5] 高媛 陈恺哲 LIU Jin;YU Yitian;YANG Li;LIN Songyue;LI Zhifeng;GAO Yuan;CHEN Kaizhe(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Higher Education Research Center,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China;Institute of Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Faculty of Education,The Chinese University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China;School of Law and Humanities and Social Sciences,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学人文与社会科学学院,北京100081 [2]南方科技大学高等教育研究中心,深圳518055 [3]清华大学教育研究院,北京100084 [4]香港中文大学教育学院,中国香港999077 [5]武汉理工大学法学与人文社会学院,武汉430064

出　　处：《重庆高教研究》2024年第2期87-127,共41页Chongqing Higher Education Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“‘帽子’政策促进还是抑制了学术人才回流?——基于对580万份简历大数据库的人工智能(准)因果推断”(72374023);国家自然科学基金面上项目“‘一带一路’学术人才向中国流动的开放式‘推-拉模型研究——人工智能方法的运用’”(71774015);国家自然科学基金面上项目“政府奖学金能否提升来华留学生质量?——基于机器学习方法的‘一带一路’国家因果推断”(71974012);科技部国家外国专家项目高端外国专家引进计划“‘卡脖子’学术人才对华流动研究”(G20221780040)。

摘　　要：虽然教育学属于独立的一级学科,但十分缺乏对本学科发展起支撑作用的、区别于其他学科的专门研究方法,而且由于大量引入其他学科的研究方法,又进一步限制了其学科方法体系、知识体系和理论体系的发展。近年来,简历分析法在全球兴起,试图通过对简历数据的分析,融合大数据等方法,综合研判人才的教育与成长规律、项目/政策实施成效等,这既为教育科学研究提供了实证新方法,也为教育学科建设提供了新契机。进入以ChatGPT为代表的人工智能时代,生成式人工智能模型+计算力(超级计算)+应用场景的新研究范式逐步成熟,简历分析法也在教育研究应用上迎来新突破,有望成为教育学科的专门研究方法。在中国教育场域中,蕴含着各级各类教育主体的简历和其他大数据资源,借助简历分析法的技术突破,有望全面解构本土教育规律,构建具有中国特色、符合中国国情的教育学科研究新范式,甚至有望通过碎片化专门知识累积,形成新的本土学科体系。最近十年,学术界涌现出不少基于简历分析法的研究成果,但已有研究对简历分析法这一方法本身的研究并不充分,尤其是对这一方法的学科归属、是不是教育学科的专门研究方法、如何与传统研究方法以及大数据、人工智能等新研究方法的融合等探讨不够。同时,我国已有研究在简历分析法概念使用、研究流程方面也存在很大差异,这表明简历分析法在中国教育学科的应用仍不成熟。为此,研究从方法论层面展开对简历分析法的剖析,通过大量研究案例尝试全面解构这一研究方法,并尝试对其内涵与外延、具体操作流程等进行规范,对简历分析法在我国使用中存在的问题进行梳理,最后对该方法在我国的应用前景进行探讨,以期促进简历分析法在我国教育学科的规范使用和全面推广。Although it belongs to an independent first level discipline,education lacks specialized research methods distinct from other disciplines that could provide substantial support for its development.Moreover,the introduction of a large number of research methods from other disciplines further limits the development of its disciplinary methodology,knowledge system,and theoretical system.In recent years,the curriculum vitae analysis has emerged globally,attempting to comprehensively assess the education and growth patterns of talents,as well as the implementation effectiveness of projects/policies,through the analy-sis of resume data and the integration of big data and other methods,which not only provides empirical new methods for educational science research,but also provides new opportunities for the construction of educa-tional disciplines.Entering the era of artificial intelligence represented by ChatGPT,the new research para-digm of generative artificial intelligence models+computing power(supercomputing)+application scenarios is gradually maturing.The curriculum vitae analysis has also ushered in new breakthroughs in educational re-search applications,and it is expected to become a specialized research method in the field of education.In the field of education in China,there are curriculum vitae and other big data resources of various levels and types of educational entities.With the technological breakthrough of curriculum vitae analysis,it is expected to comprehensively deconstruct the laws of local education,construct a new paradigm of educational disci-pline research with Chinese characteristics and in line with China's national conditions,and even accumulate fragmented specialized knowledge to form a new local discipline system.In the past decade,there have been many research achievements based on curriculum vitae analysis in the academic community,but there has been insufficient research on the method itself,especially in terms of its disciplinary affiliation,whether it is a specialized research method i

关 键 词：简历分析法 教育研究方法 实证研究 大数据 人工智能 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学] G40-032[文化科学—教育学]