博士生学业表现分析的实证研究  

An Empirical Study on the Analysis of Academic Performance of Doctoral Students

作　　者：张玉丹 Zhang Yudan

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学高等教育研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《教育学术月刊》2024年第1期91-99,共9页Education Research Monthly

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“‘拔尖’博士生的群体特征、生成机制与发展图景”(编号:YBNLTS2023-026);上海市研究生教育学会重点课题“博士生拔尖创新人才成长机制、困境及对策研究”(编号:ShsgeZ202202)。

摘　　要：通过实证数据呈现博士生学业表现分化的影响因素,从个体、导师和院校三个维度考察提升博士生培养质量的可能路径。研究发现,年龄偏小、读博前无工作经历、内部动机驱动、导师有学术头衔、指导频率高、受到良好科研训练的博士生更可能获得国家奖学金;就读期间出国访学显著增加博士生获国奖延期毕业的概率;人文社科、直博生、高学业投入、外部动机驱动的博士生仅顺利毕业的概率显著更高;女性、理工科、硕博连读、读博期间出国访学、低学业投入、外部动机驱动、院校发表要求过高的博士生更可能面临学困危机。提高博士生学业表现需着重激发学生内部学术动机,导师施以有效指导,院校提供充足资助、宽松发表环境、坚实科研训练和多元个性化课程教学。By presenting the empirical data on the influencing factors of the differentiation of doctoral students’academic performance,this study examines the possible paths to improve the quality of doctoral education from three dimensions:individual,supervisor and institution.It is found that doctoral students who are more likely to receive national scholarship are those with younger age,no work experience before entering the doctoral program,internal motivation,supervisors with academic title,high frequency of guidance,and good scientific research training;visiting abroad during doctoral study significantly increases the probability of receiving national scholarship and postponing graduation;the probability of successful graduation is significantly higher for doctoral students in humanities and social sciences,direct-entry PhD students,students with high academic involvement,and students driven by external motivation;students who are more likely to face academic difficulties are female,science and engineering students,students in master-doctorate programs,students visiting abroad during doctoral study,students with low academic involvement,students driven by external motivation,and students in universities with high publication requirements.To improve the academic performance of doctoral students,it is necessary to focus on stimulating the internal academic motivation of students,providing effective supervisor guidance,adequate university financial support,relaxing publishing environment,solid scientific research training and diverse personalized curriculum teaching.

关 键 词：人才培养 博士生教育质量 国家奖学金 延期毕业 

分 类 号：G644[文化科学—高等教育学]