连作和轮作对云南三个马铃薯主栽品种根际土壤真菌群落结构的影响  

Effects of continuous cropping and rotation on fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of three potato cultivars in Yunnan

作　　者：杜洋洋 包媛媛[2] 刘项宇 张新永[1] DU Yang-yang;BAO Yuan-yuan;LIU Xiang-yu;ZHANG Xin-yong(Coage of Agronomy and Biotechnoogy Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201;College of Food Science and Technology,YunnanAgricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学食品科学技术学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2023年第12期58-69,共12页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460367);云南省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(2020KJTX003)。

摘　　要：马铃薯连作导致土壤微生物群落结构失衡、土传病害加重以及土壤退化,作物轮作可以缓解这些负面影响。为探讨连作、与苦荞轮作对云南地区3个马铃薯主栽品种(合作88、丽薯6号、青薯9号)土壤微生物群落结构的影响,采用高通量测序技术,对根际土壤真菌群落结构进行研究。结果表明,连作分别增加了合作88土壤中被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)、子囊菌门中未分类属(unclassified_Ascomycota)、孢霉属(Mortierella)丰度的4.30%、113.82%、1.60%,轮作合作88(HZ88)-苦荞(KQ)和KQ-HZ88分别下降31.06%和45.01%、87.04%和7.14%、40.43%和45.53%;连作增加了丽薯6号土壤中子囊菌门(Ascomycota)丰度的7.57%,轮作丽薯6号(LS6H)-KQ和KQ-LS6H分别下降50.72%和1.22%;连作增加了青薯9号土壤中担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、罗兹菌门(Rozellomycota)丰度的11.35%、50.79%,轮作青薯9号(QS9H)-KQ和KQ-QS9H分别下降22.12%和52.59%、74.22%和22.22%。此外,与HZ88-HZ88、LS6H-LS6H、QS9H-QS9H连作相比,轮作HZ88-KQ和KQ-HZ88、LS6H-KQ和KQ-LS6H、QS9H-KQ和KQ-QS9H土壤中Ascomycota的丰度分别显著降低46.07%和9.11%、53.59%和18.13%、9.44%和-12.87%;癣囊腔菌属(Plectosphaerella)丰度分别显著降低94.27%和17.41%、86.07%和45.17%、63.11%和-427.04%;unclassified_Ascomycota丰度分别显著降低94.64%和74.97%、97.34%和22.97%、85.73%和-32.56%。土壤真菌群落结构的变化可能是引起云南地区马铃薯连作障碍的重要原因之一,轮作可以对此进行有效缓解。The continuous cropping of potato could result in the imbalance of soil microbial community structure,the aggravation of soil borne diseases and soil degradation,while crops rotation can alleviate these negative effects.In order to investigate the effects of continuous cropping and rotation on soil microbial community structure of three potato varieties(HeZuo88,LiShu6,QingShu9)in Yunnan,the rhizosphere soil fungal community structure was studied by high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that continuous cropping increased the abundance of Mortierellomycota,unclassified_Ascomycota and Mortierella by 4.30%,113.82%and 1.60%in Hezuo 88 soil.The rotation of Hezuo 88(HZ88)-Tartary buckwheat(KQ)and KQ-H88 decreased by 31.06%and 45.01%,87.04%and 7.14%,40.43%and 45.53%,respectively.Continuous cropping increased Ascomycota abundance by 7.57%in Lishu 6,but rotation of Lishu 6(LS6H)-KQ and KQ-LS6H decreased by 50.72%and 1.22%,respectively.Continuous cropping increased the abundance of Basidiomycota and Rozellomycota by 11.35%and 50.79%in Qingshu 9.The rotation of Qingshu 9(QS9H)-KQ and KQ-QS9H decreased by 22.12%and 52.59%,74.22%and 22.22%,respectively.In addition,compared with HZ88-HZ88,LS6H-LS6H,QS9H-QS9H,the abundance of Ascomycota in H88-KQ and KQ-H88,LS6H-KQ and KQ-LS6H,QS9H-KQ and KQ-QS9H soil decreased significantly by 46.07%and 9.11%,53.59%and 18.13%,9.44%and-12.87%,respectively.Plectosphaerella abundance decreased significantly by 94.27%and 17.41%,86.07%and 45.17%,63.11%and-427.04%,respectively.The abundance of unclassified_Ascomycota decreased significantly by 94.64%and 74.97%,97.34%and 22.97%,85.73%and-32.56%,respectively.The change of soil fungal community structure may be one of the important reasons for potato continuous cropping obstacles in Yunnan,and rotation can effectively alleviate them.

关 键 词：马铃薯 连作 轮作 根际土壤 真菌群落结构 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S532[农业科学—农业基础科学]