2017—2020年中国老年居民烹调油消费状况  

The status of cooking oil consumption among Chinese elderly in 2017-2020

作　　者：赵方蕾 张彤薇 潘峰 栾德春[2] 李建文 毛伟峰 ZHAO Fanglei;ZHANG Tongwei;PAN Feng;LUAN Dechun;LI Jianwen;MAO Weifeng(China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100022,China;Liaoning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Liaoning Shenyang 110005,China)

机构地区：[1]国家食品安全风险评估中心,北京100022 [2]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,辽宁沈阳110005

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2023年第11期1644-1650,共7页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

摘　　要：目的分析2017—2020年中国23省(自治区、直辖市)60岁及以上老年居民烹调油消费现状。方法数据来源于国家食品安全风险评估中心于2017—2020年开展的中国居民食物消费状况调查,采用多阶段分层与人口成比例的整群抽样方法,选取参与家庭调味品称重调查的60岁及以上老年居民作为研究对象。通过称重记账法获得家庭烹调油消费量和人日数,结合家庭成员能量摄入比计算个体消费量,根据《中国居民膳食指南2022》中烹调油推荐量进行评价。利用《中国食物成分表(第6版)》中各种脂肪酸含量,结合个体不同烹调油的消费量,计算个体通过烹调油摄入的不同脂肪酸量。结果我国老年居民烹调油的平均消费量为32.32 g/d,其中植物油为30.36 g/d,动物油为1.89 g/d,动植物混合油为0.08 g/d;不同年龄、性别、居住地、收入水平、受教育程度和地域的研究人群的烹调油消费量差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);我国老年居民烹调油消费过多者占比43.84%;菜籽油、花生油和芝麻油是消费率最高的烹调油,菜籽油、花生油和豆油是消费量最高的烹调油;经烹调油摄入的脂肪酸主要以不饱和脂肪酸为主。结论我国老年居民烹调油消费水平总体较高,超过40%的老年居民烹调油消费过多,应实施针对性行动并继续开展监测了解其消费情况。Objective This study aimed to analyze the status of cooking oil consumption among the Chinese elderly aged 60 years and above in 23 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)in 2017-2020.Methods The data were obtained from the Chinese resident food consumption survey conducted by the China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment in 2017-2020 using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method proportional to the population.In this study,the elderly aged 60 years and above who participated in the household condiment weighing survey were selected as the objects.Household cooking oil data and individual total number of diners were obtained through the weighing accounting method and allocated to individuals according to the ratio of energy intake of household members,and evaluated by the recommended consumption of 25-30 g/d for the elderly in the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents.According to the fatty acid content in the Chinese Food Composition Table(sixth edition),the fatty acid content in cooking oil was calculated by combining the consumption of different cooking oils.Results The average consumption levels of the Chinese elderly aged 60 years and above were:32.32 g/d for cooking oil,30.36 g/d for vegetable oil,1.89 g/d for animal oil,and 0.08 g/d for animal and plant mixed oil.Significant differences were observed in the consumption of cooking oil depending on the age,gender,place of residence,household income level,educational level,and region(P<0.05).In China,43.84%of the elderly consumed more cooking oil than the maximum recommended intake of 30 g/d.The cooking oils with the highest consumption rates were rapeseed oil,peanut oil,and sesame oil,and those with the highest consumption levels were rapeseed oil,peanut oil,and soybean oil.The fatty acid intake through cooking oil mainly involved unsaturated fatty acids.Conclusion The cooking oil consumption level of the Chinese elderly was generally high,and more than 40%of the elderly consumed too much cooking oil.Carrying out targeted acti

关 键 词：老年居民 烹调油 称重记账法 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]