徐州市本土新冠病毒流行趋势及基因组特征分析  

Analysis of Epidemic Trend and Genomic Characteristics of SARS⁃CoV⁃2 in Xuzhou,China

作　　者：魏丹 杜阳光[1] 杜昱 邢菲菲 冯欢欢 童晶[1] WEI Dan;DU Yangguang;DU Yu;XING Feifei;FENG Huanhuan;TONG Jing(Xuzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xuzhou 221006,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州市疾病预防控制中心,徐州221006

出　　处：《病毒学报》2024年第1期88-96,共9页Chinese Journal of Virology

摘　　要：为了解徐州市新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的型别流行趋势,从基因组水平分析其分子学特征及氨基酸突变差异,本文选取了徐州市2023年1-5月共117份本土COVID-19患者标本进行全基因组测序。测序标本中“≥80”年龄组患者所占比例最高,男性患病比例总体高于女性,患病群体呈现年轻化趋势。将测序结果上传Pangolin和Nextclade网站得到病毒型别及变异位点信息。测序分型均为奥密克戎变异株:BA.5.2及其亚分支30株,BF.7及其亚分支58株,XBB及其亚分支29株。BF.7及其亚分支为1-3月徐州市主导流行株,XBB及其亚分支为4-5月徐州市主导流行株。17株不同型别的SARS-CoV-2共检测到125处氨基酸突变位点,S蛋白区氨基酸突变位点数量最多(52处)。XBB及其亚分支与其它分支比较,存在着3处不同方向的氨基酸突变,13处独有氨基酸突变,7处氨基酸突变缺失。系统进化树显示:BA.5.2及其亚分支、BF.7.14及其亚分支、XBB及其亚分支分成了三簇,与Pangolin网站分型结果基本吻合。使用高通量测序技术对SARS-CoV-2进行追踪溯源及分子特征分析,对徐州市疫情研判、防疫政策的制定和变异株的监测意义重大。In order to understand the epidemic trend of SARS‐CoV‐2 types in Xuzhou,China and to analyze the molecular characteristics and amino acid mutation differences on the genomic level,a total of 117 samples from local COVID‐19 cases in Xuzhou,China from January to May 2023 were selected for whole genome sequencing.The proportion of cases in the“≥80”age group is the highest among sequencing samples,and the overall proportion of male cases is higher than female cases.The age group showed a younger trend.The sequencing results were uploaded to the Pangolin and Nextclade to obtain lineage and mutation information.The sequencing cases were all Omicron variants:with 30 strains of BA.5.2 sub‐lineage,58 strains of BF.7 sub‐lineage,and 29 strains of XBB sub‐lineage.BF.7 sub‐lineages were the dominant strains in Xuzhou,China from January to March,while XBB sub‐lineages were dominant from April to May.A total of 125 amino acid substitutions were detected in 17 different types of SARS‐CoV‐2,most of them were located in the spike protein(52).Compared with other lineages,XBB sub‐lineages have 3 amino acid substitutions in different directions,12 unique amino acid substitutions and 7 missing amino acid substitutions.The phylogenetic tree showed that BA.5.2 sub‐lineages,BF.7 sub‐lineages and XBB sub‐lineages are divided into three clusters,which is basically consistent with the typing results of Pangolin.Using high‐throughput sequencing technology to trace the source and analyze the molecular characteristics of SARS‐CoV‐2 is of great significance for the study and judgment of the epidemic situation,the establishment of epidemic prevention policies and monitoring of the mutant strains in Xuzhou,China.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 奥密克戎 全基因组测序 氨基酸突变 系统进化树 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]