类比法剖析毛细现象的能量分配  

Analogical Analysis on the Energy Distribution of Capillarity

作　　者：芮云军 类淑国 邰传智 RUI Yunjun;LEI Shuguo;TAI Chuanzhi(College of Physical and Mathematical Sciences,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211816;Nanjing Lishui District Teacher Development Center,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211200)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学数理科学学院,江苏南京211816 [2]南京市溧水区教师发展中心,江苏南京211200

出　　处：《物理通报》2024年第3期152-156,共5页Physics Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,项目编号:61704079。

摘　　要：毛细现象的能量来源曾经有过激烈的讨论,但能量分配并未解释清楚.将毛细管中液柱上升运动与盘曲链条升降运动进行类比,通过受力及做功分析,明确了毛细现象中能量的分配问题,即毛细恒力做功与液柱重力势能变化、动能损失、滞阻损失之间的关系,并进行了实验验证.The energy source of capillarity has been deeply discussed,but the energy distribution has not been explained clearly.Based on the analogy between the rise of liquid level in the capillary and the up and down movement of the piled chain,the energy distribution,the relationship between the work done by capillary constant force and the gravitational potential energy,kinetic energy loss and viscous resistance loss of liquid column,was clarified by theoretical analysis,and verified by experiments.

关 键 词：毛细现象 盘曲链条 恒力做功 重力势能 动能损失 滞阻损失 

分 类 号：O552.421[理学—热学与物质分子运动论]